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Enhancing supercapacitor performance through electrodeposition of cobalt hydroxide thin film: structural analysis, morphological characterization, and investigation of electrochemical properties

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Abstract

Dopant-free Co(OH)2 was synthesized from a precursor of 0.1 M CoCl2 on the single-sided conducting surface area of 1 cm2 of stainless steel strip (SSS) substrate. It was developed by using a low-cost two-electrode technique at 0.5 V, 28 °C, 50 s reaction time, and in 50 ml double distilled water. Further, electrochemical properties are measured by a three-electrode technique. The charge/discharge characteristic testing of Co(OH)2 at different current densities (1 A/g, 3 A/g, 5 A/g) were studied which results in shifting of peaks toward the positive direction. CV examination of Co(OH)2 material as electrode was carried out at different scan rates (10 mV/s, 20 mV/s, 30 mV/s) in 0.1 M potassium hydroxide solution ranging − 0.2 to 0.5 V. A pair of redox peaks was noticeably observed in CV trace, demonstrating the typical capacitive behavior of Co(OH)2 electrode. The specific capacitances (87.5 to 262.5 F/g), specific energy densities (28 to 84 Wh/kg), and specific power densities (0.08 to 0.24 W/kg) were measured from GCD. Additionally, morphological studies such as XRD, SEM, and EDS were investigated. The morphological results show Co(OH)2 is having crystalline structure, average crystallite size of 37.88 nm, particle size of 180 nm, and elemental analysis confirms the presence of the elements. Further, it can be concluded that the Co(OH)2 has good electrochemical performance which is suitable for supercapacitor electrode material. This cobalt hydroxide electrode is a favourable candidate for electrochemical energy-storage devices.

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Abbreviations

XRD :

X-ray diffraction

FESEM :

field emission scanning electron microscopy

CV :

cyclic voltammetry

EIS :

electrical impedance spectroscopy

EDS :

energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

GCD :

galvanostatic charge discharge

SSS :

stainless steel strip

CoCl 2 :

cobalt chloride

Co(OH) 2 :

cobalt hydroxide

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr. Habib M. Pathan (Associate Professor, Advanced Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune) for providing us with lab facilities to perform experiment work at Advanced Physics Laboratory. We are also thankful to Dr. Aqueel Ahmad Shah (Principal, Maulana Mukhtar Ahmad Nadvi Technical Campus) for motivating us for research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Centre in Electronic Science, MGV’s LVH Arts, Science & Commerce Panchavati College, Nashik, Maharashtra, 420003, India

    Sajid Naeem, AV Shaikh & AV Patil

  2. Department of Applied Sciences, Maulana Mukhtar Ahmad Nadvi Technical Campus, Malegaon, Maharashtra, 423203, India

    Asif Rasool

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Maulana Mukhtar Ahmad Nadvi Technical Campus, Malegaon, Maharashtra, 423203, India

    Dilawar Husain & Md Tanwir Alam

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  1. Sajid Naeem
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Contributions

SN has done experiment work to prepare the cobalt hydroxide thin films. AS has completed the characterizations. AR has written the literature and introduction section of the manuscript. DH has assisted in the results and discussions section. TA has improved the writing of the manuscript. AP has contributed to the manuscript as a supervisor. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Sajid Naeem.

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Naeem, S., Shaikh, A., Rasool, A. et al. Enhancing supercapacitor performance through electrodeposition of cobalt hydroxide thin film: structural analysis, morphological characterization, and investigation of electrochemical properties. Ionics 30, 399–405 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-023-05293-4

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