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A nonlinear finite element simulation of balloon expandable stent for assessment of plaque vulnerability inside a stenotic artery

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Abstract

The stresses induced on plaque wall during stent implantation inside a stenotic artery are associated with plaque rupture. The stresses in the plaque–artery–stent structure appear to be distinctly different for different plaque types in terms of both distribution and magnitude. In this study, a nonlinear finite element simulation was executed to analyze the influence of plaque composition (calcified, cellular, and hypocellular) on plaque, artery layers (intima, media, and adventitia), and stent stresses during implantation of a balloon expandable coronary stent into a stenosed artery. The atherosclerotic artery was assumed to consist of a plaque and normal arterial tissues on its outer side. The results revealed a significant influence of plaque types on the maximum stresses induced within plaque wall and artery layers during stenting, but not when calculating maximum stress on stent. The stress on stiffer calcified plaque wall was in the fracture level (2.21 MPa), whereas cellular and hypocellular plaques play a protective role by displaying less stress on their wall. The highest von Mises stresses were observed on less stiff media layer. The findings of this study suggest a lower risk of arterial vascular injury for calcified plaque, while higher risk of plaque ruptures for cellular and hypocellular plaques.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the Iran University of Science and Technology for funding this project.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, 16846, Tehran, Iran

    Alireza Karimi, Mahdi Navidbakhsh & Reza Razaghi

  2. Tissue Engineering and Biological Systems Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, 16846, Tehran, Iran

    Alireza Karimi, Mahdi Navidbakhsh & Reza Razaghi

  3. Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan

    Alireza Karimi & Hiroshi Yamada

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  1. Alireza Karimi
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  2. Mahdi Navidbakhsh
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Correspondence to Mahdi Navidbakhsh.

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Karimi, A., Navidbakhsh, M., Yamada, H. et al. A nonlinear finite element simulation of balloon expandable stent for assessment of plaque vulnerability inside a stenotic artery. Med Biol Eng Comput 52, 589–599 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-014-1163-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-014-1163-9

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