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Zinc oxide application alleviates arsenic-mediated oxidative stress via physio-biochemical mechanism in rice

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Abstract

Arsenic (As) pollution in cultivated soils poses a significant risk to the sustainable growth of agriculture and jeopardizes food security. However, the mechanisms underlying how zinc (Zn) regulates the toxic effects induced by As in plants remain poorly understood. Hence, this study aimed to explore the potential of ZnO as an effective and environmentally friendly amendment to alleviate As toxicity in rice, thereby addressing the significant risk posed by As pollution in cultivated soils. Through a hydroponic experiment, the study assessed the mitigating effects of different ZnO dosages (Zn5, 5 mg L-1; Zn15, 15 mg L-1; Zn30, 30 mg L-1) on rice seedlings exposed to varying levels of As stress (As0, 0 µM L-1; As25, 25 µM L-1). The findings of the study demonstrate significant improvements in plant height and biomass (shoot and root), with a notable increase of 16–40% observed in the Zn15 treatment, and an even more substantial enhancement of 29–53% observed in the Zn30 treatment under As stress, compared to respective control treatment. Furthermore, in the Zn30 treatment, the shoot and root As contents substantially reduced by 47% and 63%, respectively, relative to the control treatment. The elevated Zn contents in shoots and roots enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities (POD, SOD, and CAT), and decreased MDA contents (13-25%) and H2O2 contents (11-27%), indicating the mitigation of oxidative stress. Moreover, the expression of antioxidant-related genes, OsSOD-Cu/Zn, OsCATA, OsCATB, and OsAPX1 was reduced when rice seedlings were exposed to As stress and significantly enhanced after Zn addition. Overall, the research suggests that ZnO application could effectively mitigate As uptake and toxicity in rice plants cultivated in As-contaminated soils, offering potential solutions for sustainable agriculture and food security.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Science and Technology Office of Zhejiang Province, China (project no. 2021C02063-6) and supported by the DOE Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER), USA, grant nos. DE-SC0006634 and DE-SC0012379.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, the Advanced Seed Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China

    Sanaullah Jalil, Mohamed A. Eweda & Xiaoli Jin

  2. School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China

    Muhammad Mudassir Nazir

  3. Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan

    Faisal Zulfiqar

  4. Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China

    Temoor Ahmed

  5. Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311231, China

    Temoor Ahmed

  6. MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan

    Temoor Ahmed

  7. Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China

    Muhammad Noman

  8. Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China

    Muhammad A. U. Asad

  9. The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia

    Kadambot H. M. Siddique

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  1. Sanaullah Jalil
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  8. Kadambot H. M. Siddique
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  9. Xiaoli Jin
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Contributions

Sanaullah Jalil: conceptualization, investigation, and writing—original draft. Muhammad Mudassir Nazir and Mohamed A. Eweda: investigation, formal data analysis. Faisal Zulfiqar, Temoor Ahmed, Muhammad Noman, Muhammad A.U. Asad: validation and writing—review and editing. Kadambot H. M. Siddique: co-supervision, methodology, and investigation. Xiaoli Jin: supervision, conceptualization, project administration, writing—review and editing, and funding acquisition. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.

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Correspondence to Xiaoli Jin.

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Jalil, S., Nazir, M.M., Eweda, M.A. et al. Zinc oxide application alleviates arsenic-mediated oxidative stress via physio-biochemical mechanism in rice. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 34200–34213 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33380-0

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