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Enhanced visible-light activation of persulfate for the removal of RhB by supported nano-(C,N,B)-tridoped TiO2/copper foam mixed-crystals

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Abstract

Photocatalytic persulfate activation by TiO2 and its application in sewage treatment have aroused great interest because of its high decontamination ability and strong adaptability, but the low light energy utilization rate and poor recycling of TiO2 limited its practical application. Herein, by using C-, N-, and B-modified TiO2 and immobilizing it on copper foam, we prepared a new and efficient (C,N,B)-TiO2/copper foam photocatalyst with enhanced visible-light activation performance of persulfate for the removal of RhB. It almost completely degraded RhB within 15 min of UV–vis light photocatalysis-assisted persulfate oxidation reaction with TOC removal of 53.17% in 30 min and presented the excellent long-term recyclability and stability, which is much better or comparative than those photocatalysts in the related literatures. (C,N,B)-TiO2/copper foam exhibited the largest apparent rate constant (0.149 min−1), 1.16 times higher than (C,N,B)-TiO2 (0.128 min−1), and 2.40 times higher than that of TiO2 (0.062 min−1), respectively. C,N,B doping modified the crystalline phase of TiO2, narrowed its band gap, and reduced charge-carrier recombination rate. These, together with the synergistic effect between photocatalysis and persulfate activation for enhancing generation of active species, jointly promoted the performance enhancement of TiO2. The 1O2 was the primary oxidation active species for the degradation of RhB, and the radical species (SO4•−, •O2−, and •OH) could further accelerate the photocatalytic activation of persulfate reaction.

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Funding

This work was financially supported by Shanghai Rising-Star Program (grant no. 21QB1403700).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China

    Qin Tong & Dannong He

  2. National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, Shanghai, 200241, People’s Republic of China

    Qin Tong & Ting Cai

  3. School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, People’s Republic of China

    Jing Yuan

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  2. Ting Cai
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QT: material preparation, methodology, investigation, data curation, and writing—original draft. TC: investigation, methodology, and funding. JY: writing—review and editing, project administration, and supervision. DH: resources.

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Tong, Q., Cai, T., Yuan, J. et al. Enhanced visible-light activation of persulfate for the removal of RhB by supported nano-(C,N,B)-tridoped TiO2/copper foam mixed-crystals. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 1964–1979 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-31270-5

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