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A review of regeneration mechanism and methods for reducing soot emissions from diesel particulate filter in diesel engine

  • Review Article
  • Published:
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Abstract

With the global emphasis on environmental protection and the proposal of the climate goal of “carbon neutrality,” countries around the world are calling for reductions in carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and particulate matter pollution. These pollutants have severe impacts on human lives and should be effectively controlled. Engine exhaust is the most serious pollution source, and diesel engine is an important contributor to particulate matter. Diesel particulate filter (DPF) technology has proven to be an effective technology for soot control at the present and in the future. Firstly, the exacerbating effect of particulate matter on human infectious disease viruses is discussed. Then, the latest developments in the influence of key factors on DPF performance are reviewed at different observation scales (wall, channel, and entire filter). In addition, current soot catalytic oxidant schemes are presented in the review, and the significance of catalyst activity and soot oxidation kinetic models are highlighted. Finally, the areas that need further research are determined, which has important guiding significance for future research. Current catalytic technologies are focused on stable materials with high mobility of oxidizing substances and low cost. The challenge of DPF optimization design is to accurately calculate the balance between soot and ash load, DPF regeneration control strategy, and exhaust heat management strategy.

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Abbreviations

ACM:

Acicular mullite

ACT:

Asymmetric channel technique

AF:

Foam alloys

AT:

Aluminum titanate

ATS:

Aftertreatment system

CCRT:

Catalytic CRT

CCT:

Colloidal crystal template

CDPF:

Catalytic diesel particulate filter

CDA:

Cylinder deactivation

CFD:

Computational fluid dynamics

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CRT:

Continuous regeneration trap

DAEM:

Distributed activation energy model

DOC:

Diesel oxidation catalytic

DPF:

Diesel particulate filter

EC:

Elemental carbon

EMP:

Exhaust pipe pressure

EPA:

Environmental protection agency

EU:

Europe

FAHP:

Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process

FAME:

Fatty acid methyl ester

FBC:

Fuel borne catalyst-assisted

FE:

Filtration efficiency

FGRA:

Fuzzy grey relational analysis

GPF:

Gasoline particulate filter

HC:

Hydrocarbon

HRTEM:

High-resolution transmission electron microscopy

IARC:

International Agency for Research on Cancer

LEV:

Low emissions vehicle

LEVO:

Late exhaust valve opening

LPI:

Late post-injection

LTC:

Low-temperature combustion

MLRTmax :

Maximum mass loss temperature

ML:

Mullite

MPI:

Multi-point injection

MW:

Microwave-assisted

NOx :

Nitrogen oxides

OED:

Orthogonal experimental design

PAH:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

PEMs:

Portable emission monitoring systems

PGM:

Platinum group metals

PM:

Particulate matter

RDE:

Real driving emission

Re:

Reynolds number

SCR:

Selective catalytic reduction

SCT:

Symmetric channel technology

SiC:

Silicon carbide

SEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

SOF:

Soluble organic fraction

SOT:

Starts oxidation temperature

TOT:

Trigger oxidation temperature

TSR:

Thermal shock resistance

ULSD:

Ultra low sulfur diesel

US:

United States

WHO:

World Health Organization

WHTC:

World harmonized transient cycle

COVID:

Corona virus disease

SARS-CoV-2:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

ΔP:

Pressure drop

3DOM:

3D ordered macropores

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Funding

This work is funded by the National Nature Science Foundation of China under the research grant of No. 22262005. This research is also funded by the Guangxi University of Science and Technology Doctoral Fund under the research grant of 13Z10.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, 545006, Liuzhou, China

    Jianbin Luo, Haiguo Zhang, Zhonghang Liu, Zhiqing Zhang, Hongxiang Xu & Song Xu

  2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Liuzhou Institute of Technology, Liuzhou, 545616, China

    Yajuan Pan

  3. Liuzhou Jindongfang Automotive Parts Co., Ltd., Liuzhou, 545036, China

    Xiguang Liang

  4. Liuzhou Branch, Aisn AUTO R&D Co., Ltd., Liuzhou, 545616, China

    Shizhuo Wu

  5. Institute of the New Energy and Energy-Saving & Emission-Reduction, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545006, China

    Chunmei Jiang

Authors
  1. Jianbin Luo
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  2. Haiguo Zhang
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  3. Zhonghang Liu
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  8. Hongxiang Xu
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  9. Song Xu
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  10. Chunmei Jiang
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Contributions

Jianbin Luo (First author): methodology, writing-review and editing, supervision, investigation; Haiguo Zhang: conceptualization, methodology, resources; Zhonghang Liu: writing-original draft, methodology, conceptualization; Zhiqing Zhang (corresponding author): validation, writing—review and editing, supervision; Yajuan Pan: validation, writing—review and editing; Xiguang Liang: data curation; Shizhuo Wu: data curation, methodology; Hongxiang Xu: data curation; Song Xu: data curation; Chunmei Jiang: formal analysis, validation.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhiqing Zhang.

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Luo, J., Zhang, H., Liu, Z. et al. A review of regeneration mechanism and methods for reducing soot emissions from diesel particulate filter in diesel engine. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 86556–86597 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28405-z

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