Abstract
Globally, treating and disposing of industrial pollutants is a techno-economic challenge. Industries’ large production of harmful heavy metal ions (HMIs) and dyes and inappropriate disposal worsen water contamination. Much attention is required on the development of efficient and cost-effective technologies and approaches for removing toxic HMIs and dyes from wastewater as they pose a severe threat to public health and aquatic ecosystems. Due to the proven superiority of adsorption over other alternative methods, various nanosorbents have been developed for the efficient removal of HMIs and dyes from wastewater and aqueous solutions. Being a good adsorbent, conducting polymer-based magnetic nanocomposites (CP-MNCPs) has drawn more attention for HMIs and dye removal. Conductive polymers’ pH-responsiveness makes CP-MNCP ideal for wastewater treatment. The composite material absorbed dyes and/or HMIs from contaminated water could be removed by changing the pH. Here, we review the production strategies and applications of CP-MNCPs for HMIs and dye removal. The review also sheds light on the adsorption mechanism, adsorption efficiency, kinetic and adsorption models, and regeneration capacity of the various CP-MNCPs. To date, various modifications to conducting polymers (CPs) have been explored to improve the adsorption properties. It is evident from the literature survey that the combination of SiO2, graphene oxide (GO), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with CPs-MNCPs enhances the adsorption capacity of nanocomposites to a large extent, so future research should lean toward the development of cost-effective hybrid CPs-nanocomposites.
Graphical abstract
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
We have not generated any data as it is a review article.
Abbreviations
- HMIs:
-
Heavy metal ions
- MNCPs:
-
Magnetic nanocomposites
- PPy:
-
Polypyrrole
- PANI:
-
Polyaniline
- PTh:
-
Polythiophene
- CL:
-
Coral like
- MO:
-
Methyl orange
- CV:
-
Crystal violet
- BB3:
-
Basic blue 3
- AB40:
-
Acid blue 40
- MG:
-
Malachite green
- ARS:
-
Alizarin red S
- RHB:
-
Rhodamine B
- IC:
-
Indigo carmine
- CR:
-
Congo red
- TCH:
-
Tetracycline hydrochloride
- AF:
-
Acid fuchsin
- MB:
-
Methyl blue
- JG:
-
Janus green
- FB:
-
Fuchsin basic
- PS:
-
Polystyrene
- CS:
-
Chitosan
- GS:
-
Graphene
- CBZ:
-
Carbamazepine
References
Abass A, Al-Sammarraie A (2022) Synthesis of new PbO-Fe2O3-polypyrrole hybrid nanocomposite to improve the structural, magnetic and electrical characteristics of lead oxide. Chem Methodol 6:301–318. https://doi.org/10.22034/CHEMM.2022.328159.1433
Abbas N, Hayat M, Fatima H, Manzoor S, Nawaz S, Mabood F, Yasmean G, Majeed A, Manzoor S (2021) Template-assisted polymeric spherules for the solid phase extraction of chlorfenapyr from contaminated water. Sep Sci Technol 56:518–526. https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2020.1718707
Abdel-Aziz MH, Zwawi M, Al-Hossainy AF, Zoromba MS (2021) Conducting polymer thin film for optoelectronic devices applications. Polym Adv Technol 32:2588–2596. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.5290
Abdel-Rahman S, Mahgoub SA, Abdel-Haleem AHM, Shaaban AA (2021) Adsorption of heavy metals from contaminated water on Fe2O3/SiO2 nanocomposite and natural silica rice husk based and investigate their effects on blood biomarkers and renal toxicity in rats. Pollut Res 40:1589–1600
Agrawal S, Singh N (2016) Removal of toxic hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution by nickel ferrite-polyaniline nanocomposite. Desalin Water Treat 57:17757–17766. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1086700
Ahmad SZN, Wan Salleh WN, Ismail AF, Yusof N, Mohd Yusop MZ, Aziz F (2020) Adsorptive removal of heavy metal ions using graphene-based nanomaterials: toxicity, roles of functional groups and mechanisms. Chemosphere 248:126008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126008
Akhlaghi N, Najafpour-Darzi G (2021) Manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles: from synthesis to application-a review. J Ind Eng Chem 103:292–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2021.07.043
Alizadeh N, Ataei AA, Pirsa S (2015) Nanostructured conducting polypyrrole film prepared by chemical vapor deposition on the interdigital electrodes at room temperature under atmospheric condition and its application as gas sensor. J Ind Eng Chem Res 12:1585–1594. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-015-0631-y
Alqarni SA, Hussein MA, Ganash AA, Khan A (2020) Composite material–based conducting polymers for electrochemical sensor applications: a mini review. BioNanoScience 10:351–364. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-019-00708-x
Alsaiari NS, Amari A, Katubi KM, Alzahrani FM, Rebah FB, Tahoon MA (2021) Innovative magnetite based polymeric nanocomposite for simultaneous removal of methyl orange and hexavalent chromium from water. Processes 9:576. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9040576
Alzahrani FM, Alsaiari NS, Katubi KM, Amari A, Ben Rebah F, Tahoon MA (2021) Synthesis of polymer-based magnetic nanocomposite for multi-pollutants removal from water. Polymers 13:1742. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13111742
Anirudhan TS, Divya PL, Jayachandran N (2015) Utilization of polypyrrole coated iron-doped titania based hydrogel for the removal of tetracycline hydrochloride from aqueous solutions: adsorption and photocatalytic degradation studies. Environ Nanotechnol Monit Manag 4:106–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enmm.2015.10.001
Ansari SM, Sinha BB, Phase D, Sen D, Sastry PU, Kolekar YD, Ramana CV (2019) Particle size, morphology, and chemical composition controlled CoFe2O4 nanoparticles with tunable magnetic properties via oleic acid based solvothermal synthesis for application in electronic devices. ACS Appl Nano Mater 2:1828–1843. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.8b02009
Arbizzani C, Soavi F, Mastragostino M (2006) A novel galvanostatic polymerization for high specific capacitance poly (3-methylthiophene) in ionic liquid. J Power Sources 162:735–737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.06.051
Ardila-Leal LD, Poutou-Piñales RA, Pedroza-Rodríguez AM, Quevedo-Hidalgo BE (2021) A brief history of colour, the environmental impact of synthetic dyes and removal by using laccases. Molecules 26:3813. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26133813
Ashokkumar S, Vijeth H, Yesappa L, Niranjana M, Vandana M, Devendrappa H (2020) Electrochemically synthesized polyaniline/copper oxide nano composites: to study optical band gap and electrochemical performance for energy storage devices. Inorg Chem Commun 115:107865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2020.107865
Ayad M, Salahuddin N, Fayed A, Bastakoti BP, Suzuki N, Yamauchi Y (2014) Chemical design of a smart chitosan-polypyrrole-magnetite nanocomposite toward efficient water treatment. Phys Chem Chem Phys 16:21812–21819. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4cp03062a
Babu LK, Reddy YVR (2020) A novel thermal decomposition approach for the synthesis and properties of superparamagnetic nanocrystalline NiFe2O4 and its antibacterial, electrocatalytic properties. J Supercond Nov Magn 33:1013–1021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-019-05262-x
Barbosa EF, Molina FJ, Lopes FM, García-Ruíz PA, Caramori SS, Fernandes KF (2012) Immobilization of peroxidase onto magnetite modified polyaniline. Sci World J 716374. https://doi.org/10.1100/2012/716374
Barros R, De Azevedo W, de Aguiar FM (2003) Photo-induced polymerization of polyaniline. Mater Charact 50:131–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1044-5803(03)00080-9
Bashira A, Hanifb F, Yasmeena G, Maboodc F, Hussaind A, Abbasa N, Yousafe AB, Aamira M, Manzoora S (2019) Polyaniline based magnesium nanoferrite composites as efficient photocatalysts for the photodegradation of indigo carmine in aqueous solutions. Desalin Water Treat 164:368–377. https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2019.24394
Bhagwat V, Humbe AV, More S, Jadhav K (2019) Sol-gel auto combustion synthesis and characterizations of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles: different fuels approach. Mater Sci Eng B 248:114388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2019.114388
Bhaumik M, Noubactep C, Gupta VK, McCrindle RI, Maity A (2015) Polyaniline/Fe0 composite nanofibers: An excellent adsorbent for the removal of arsenic from aqueous solutions. Chem Eng J 271:135–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.02.079
Brighenti R, Li Y, Vernerey FJ (2020) Smart polymers for advanced applications: a mechanical perspective review. Front Mater 7:196. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2020.00196
Bulla SS, Bhajantri R, Chavan C, Sakthipandi K (2021) Synthesis and characterization of polythiophene/zinc oxide nanocomposites for chemiresistor organic vapor-sensing application. J Polym Res 28:1–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-021-02618-7
Bushra R, Naushad M, Adnan R, ALOthman ZA, Rafatullah M (2015) Polyaniline supported nanocomposite cation exchanger: synthesis, characterization and applications for the efficient removal of Pb2+ ion from aqueous medium. J Ind Eng Chem 21:1112–1118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2014.05.022
Butoi B, Ciobanu CS, Iconaru SL, Negrilă CC, Badea MA, Balas M, Dinischiotu A, Predoi G, Bita B, Groza A, Predoi D (2022) Iron-oxide-nanoparticles-doped polyaniline composite thin films. Polymers 14:1821. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14091821
Cáceres-Saez I, Guevara SR (2022) Heavy Metal Impacts: An Evaluation of Toxicological Concern in Stranded Odontocetes in Southern South America. In: Larramendy ML, Liwszyc G (eds) Marsupial and Placental Mammal Species in Environmental Risk Assessment Strategies. The Royal Society of Chemistry, United Kingdom, pp 170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.046
Cardoso VF, Francesko A, Ribeiro C, Bañobre-López M, Martins P, Lanceros-Mendez S (2018) Advances in magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Adv Healthcare Mater 7:1700845. https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201700845
Chan EYY, Tong KHY, Dubois C, Mc Donnell K, Kim JH, Hung KKC, Kwok KO (2021) Narrative review of primary preventive interventions against water-borne diseases: scientific evidence of health-EDRM in contexts with inadequate safe drinking water. Int J Environ Res Public Health 18:12268. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312268
Chávez-Guajardo AE, Medina-Llamas JC, Maqueira L, Andrade CA, Alves KG, de Melo CP (2015) Efficient removal of Cr (VI) and Cu (II) ions from aqueous media by use of polypyrrole/maghemite and polyaniline/maghemite magnetic nanocomposites. Chem Eng J 281:826–836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.07.008
Chen A, Wang H, Zhao B, Li X (2003) The preparation of polypyrrole–Fe3O4 nanocomposites by the use of common ion effect. Synth Met 139:411–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-6779(03)00190-5
Chen J, Yu M, Guo B, Ma PX, Yin Z (2018a) Conductive nanofibrous composite scaffolds based on in-situ formed polyaniline nanoparticle and polylactide for bone regeneration. J Colloid Interface Sci 514:517–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2017.12.062
Chen Y, Li L, Zhang L, Han J (2018b) In situ formation of ultrafine Pt nanoparticles on surfaces of polyaniline nanofibers as efficient heterogeneous catalysts for the hydrogenation reduction of nitrobenzene. Colloid Polym Sci 296:567–574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-018-4276-0
Chou W-Y, Fang P-H, Chiang W-C, Cheng H-L (2022) Room temperature ferromagnetism in Fe3O4 nanoparticle-embedded polymer semiconductors. J Phys Chem Solids 167:110750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2022.110750
Choudhary RB, Ansari S, Majumder M (2021) Recent advances on redox active composites of metal-organic framework and conducting polymers as pseudocapacitor electrode material. Renew Sust Energ Rev 145:110854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.110854
Chu J, Li X, Li Q, Ma J, Wu B, Wang X, Zhang R, Gong M, Xiong S (2019) Hydrothermal synthesis of PANI nanowires for high-performance supercapacitor. High Perform Polym 32:258–267. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954008319856664
Dahiya V (2022) Heavy metal toxicity of drinking water: a silent killer. GSC Bio Pharm Sci 19:020–025. https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2022.19.1.0107
Dai H, Yuan X, Jiang L, Wang H, Zhang J, Zhang J, Xiong T (2021) Recent advances on ZIF-8 composites for adsorption and photocatalytic wastewater pollutant removal: fabrication, applications and perspective. Coord Chem Rev 441:213985. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213985
Danmaliki GI, Saleh TA (2017) Effects of bimetallic Ce/Fe nanoparticles on the desulfurization of thiophenes using activated carbon. Chem Eng J 307:914–927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.08.143
Danmaliki GI, Saleh TA, Shamsuddeen AA (2017) Response surface methodology optimization of adsorptive desulfurization on nickel/activated carbon. Chem Eng J 313:993–1003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.10.141
Das TK, Ganguly S, Ghosh S, Remanan S, Ghosh SK, Das NC (2019) In-situ synthesis of magnetic nanoparticle immobilized heterogeneous catalyst through mussel mimetic approach for the efficient removal of water pollutants. Colloids Interface Sci Commun 33:100218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colcom.2019.100218
Das T, Pandey VK, Verma S, Pandey SK, Verma B (2022) Optimization of the ratio of aniline, ammonium persulfate, para-toluenesulfonic acid for the synthesis of conducting polyaniline and its use in energy storage devices. Int J Energy Res 46:19914–19928. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.8690
Dassanayake RS, Acharya S, Abidi N (2021) Recent advances in biopolymer-based dye removal technologies. Molecules 26:4697. https://doi.org/10.1002/tcr.202000153
Dianatdar A, Miola M, De Luca O, Rudolf P, Picchioni F, Bose RK (2022) All-dry, one-step synthesis, doping and film formation of conductive polypyrrole. J Mater Chem C 10:557–570. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1TC05082F
Diauudin FN, Mohd Noor SA, Abdul Rashid JI, Feizal Knight V, Wan Yunus WMZ, Ong KK, Mohd Kasim NA, Taufik S, Samsuri A, Shamsudin IJ, Latip W (2020) preparation and characterisation of polypyrrole-iron oxyhydroxide nanocomposite as sensing material. Adv Mater Sci Eng 8762969 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8762969
Donescu D, Fierascu RC, Ghiurea M, Manaila-Maximean D, Nicolae CA, Somoghi R, Spataru CI, Stanica N, Raditoiu V, Vasile E (2017) Synthesis and magnetic properties of inverted core-shell polyaniline-ferrite composite. Appl Surf Sci 414:8–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.04.061
Dutta S, Manna K, Srivastava SK, Gupta AK, Yadav MK (2020) Hollow polyaniline microsphere/Fe3O4 nanocomposite as an effective adsorbent for removal of arsenic from water. Sci Rep 10:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-61763-z
Ebrahim S, Shokry A, Ibrahim H, Soliman M (2016) Polyaniline/akaganéite nanocomposite for detoxification of noxious Cr (VI) from aquatic environment. J Polym Res 23:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-016-0977-6
El-Gaayda J, Titchou FE, Oukhrib R, Yap P-S, Liu T, Hamdani M, Akbour RA (2021) Natural flocculants for the treatment of wastewaters containing dyes or heavy metals: a state-of-the-art review. J Environ Chem Eng 9:106060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.106060
Elgarahy A, Elwakeel K, Mohammad S, Elshoubaky G (2021) A critical review of biosorption of dyes, heavy metals and metalloids from wastewater as an efficient and green process. Chem Eng Technol 4:100209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2021.100209
Elsayed E, Rashad M, Ibrahim I, Hussein M, El-Sabbah M (2019) Electrochemical synthesis of nanocrystalline NiFe2O4Thin film from aqueous sulphate bath. J Alloys Compd 798:104–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.05.116
Falahian Z, Torki F, Faghihian H (2018) Synthesis and application of polypyrrole/Fe3O4 nanosize magnetic adsorbent for efficient separation of Hg2+ from aqueous solution. Global Chall 2:1700078. https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.201700078
Fan Z, Zhang Q, Gao B, Li M, Liu C, Qiu Y (2019) Removal of hexavalent chromium by biochar supported nZVI composite: batch and fixed-bed column evaluations, mechanisms, and secondary contamination prevention. Chemosphere 217:85–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.009
Fomo G, Waryo T, Feleni U, Baker P, Iwuoha E (2019) Electrochemical polymerization. In: Jafar Mazumder MA, Sheardown H, Al-Ahmed A (eds) Functional Polymers. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 105–131
Gharibshahian E (2020) The effect of polyvinyl alcohol concentration on the growth kinetics of ktiopo4 nanoparticles synthesized by the co-precipitation method. HighTech Innov J 1:187–193. https://doi.org/10.28991/HIJ-2020-01-04-06
Ghasemi AK, Ghorbani M, Lashkenari MS, Nasiri N (2022) Controllable synthesis of zinc ferrite nanostructure with tunable morphology on polyaniline nanocomposite for supercapacitor application. J Energy Storage 51:104579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2022.104579
Ghorbani M, Eisazadeh H (2013) Removal of COD, color, anions and heavy metals from cotton textile wastewater by using polyaniline and polypyrrole nanocomposites coated on rice husk ash. Compos B Eng 45:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.09.035
Haidari G, Afruzi FH, Zare EN (2023) Molecularly imprinted magnetic nanocomposite based on carboxymethyl dextrin for removal of ciprofloxacin antibiotic from contaminated water. Nanomaterials 13(3):489. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13030489
Hajjaoui H, Soufi A, Boumya W, Abdennouri M, Barka N (2021) Polyaniline/nanomaterial composites for the removal of heavy metals by adsorption: a review. J Compos Sci 5:233. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs5090233
Hamzezadeh A, Rashtbari Y, Afshin S, Morovati M, Vosoughi M (2022) Application of low-cost material for adsorption of dye from aqueous solution. Int J Environ Anal Chem 102:254–269. https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2020.1720011
Han X, Gai L, Jiang H, Zhao L, Liu H, Zhang W (2013) Core–shell structured Fe3O4/PANI microspheres and their Cr (VI) ion removal properties. Synth Met 171:1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2013.02.025
Haque ANMA, Remadevi R, Wang X, Naebe M (2020) Adsorption of anionic acid blue 25 on chitosan-modified cotton gin trash film. Cellulose 27:9437–9456. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03409-x
Heck J, Goding J, Lara RP, Green R (2021) The influence of physicochemical properties on the processibility of conducting polymers: a bioelectronics perspective. Acta Biomater 139:259–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.052
Henaish A, Ali M, El Refaay D, Weinstein I, Hemeda O (2021) Synthesis, electric and magnetic characterization of nickel ferrite/PANI nano-composite prepared by flash auto combustion method. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 31:731–740. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-020-01737-w
Heydarnezhad HR, Pourabbas B, Tayefi M (2018) Conducting electroactive polymers via photopolymerization: a review on synthesis and applications. Polym Plast Technol Mater 57:1093–1109. https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1370111
Hosseini J, Zare EN, Ajloo D (2019) Experimental and theoretical calculation investigation on effective adsorption of lead (II) onto poly (aniline-co-pyrrole) nanospheres. J Mol Liq 296:111789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111789
Hussain D, Siddiqui MF, Khan TA (2020) Preparation of NiFe2O4/polythiophene nanocomposite and its enhanced adsorptive uptake of Janus green B and Fuchsin basic from aqueous solution: isotherm and kinetics studies. Environ Prog Sustain Energy 39:e13371. https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.13371
Ikram M, Zahoor M, El-Saber BG (2021) Biodegradation and decolorization of textile dyes by bacterial strains: a biological approach for wastewater treatment. Z Fur Phys Chem 235:1381–1393. https://doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2020-1708
Iqbal S, Ahmad S (2018) Recent development in hybrid conducting polymers: synthesis, applications and future prospects. J Ind Eng Chem 60:53–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2017.09.038
Istakova OI, Konev DV, Glazkov AT, Medvedeva TO, Zolotukhina EV, Vorotyntsev MA (2019) Electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole in powder form. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 23:251–258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-018-4129-2
Jacobo SE, Aphesteguy JC, Anton RL, Schegoleva N, Kurlyandskaya G (2007) Influence of the preparation procedure on the properties of polyaniline based magnetic composites. Eur Polym J 43:1333–1346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.01.024
Jadoun S, Riaz U, Budhiraja V (2021) Biodegradable conducting polymeric materials for biomedical applications: a review. Med Devices Sens 4:e10141. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds3.10141
Janáky C, Visy C, Berkesi O, Tombácz E (2009) Conducting polymer-based electrode with magnetic behavior: electrochemical synthesis of poly (3-thiophene-acetic-acid)/magnetite nanocomposite thin layers. J Phys Chem C 113:1352–1358. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp809345b
Jiang J, Ai L-H, Zheng J-L (2010) Preparation and characterization of polypyrrole/ferrospinel nanocomposite by w/o microemulsion pathway. J Macromol Sci 49:652–657. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222341003595865
Jiang L, Dong Y, Yuan Y, Zhou X, Liu Y, Meng X (2022) Recent advances of metal–organic frameworks in corrosion protection: from synthesis to applications. Chem Eng J 430:132823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.132823
Kamel AH, Hassan AA, Amr AE-GE, El-Shalakany HH, Al-Omar MA (2020) Synthesis and characterization of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles modified with polythiophene: applications to mercuric ions removal. J Nanomater 10:586. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10030586
Karaoğlu E, Baykal A, Deligöz H, Şenel M, Sözeri H, Toprak MS (2011) Synthesis and characteristics of poly (3-pyrrol-1-ylpropanoic acid)(PPyAA)–Fe3O4 nanocomposite. J Alloys Compd 509:8460–8468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.06.002
Karki S, Ingole PG (2022) Development of polymer-based new high performance thin-film nanocomposite nanofiltration membranes by vapor phase interfacial polymerization for the removal of heavy metal ions. Chem Eng J 446:137303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.137303
Kavas H, Durmus Z, Baykal A, Aslan A, Bozkurt A, Toprak MS (2010) Synthesis and conductivity evaluation of PVTri–Fe3O4 nanocomposite. J Non-Cryst Solids 356:484–489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2009.12.022
Khan MI, Almesfer MK, Elkhaleefa A, Shigidi I, Shamim MZ, Ali IH, Rehan M (2021) Conductive polymers and their nanocomposites as adsorbents in environmental applications. Polymers 13:3810. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13213810
Khanvilkar DG, Nagarjee S, Noah AA, Adedeji MA, Jabeen NM, Kumar GP, Devanna N, Manjunath S, Jithendran L, Kalpana CA (2021) Trace element status and human endocrine health: a perspective. Int J Food Nutr Sci 10:1–5. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13213810
Kharazi P, Rahimi R, Rabbani M (2018) Study on porphyrin/ZnFe2O4@ polythiophene nanocomposite as a novel adsorbent and visible light driven photocatalyst for the removal of methylene blue and methyl orange. Mater Res Bull 103:133–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2018.03.031
Kheyrabadi FB, Zare EN (2022) Antimicrobial nanocomposite adsorbent based on poly (meta-phenylenediamine) for remediation of lead (II) from water medium. Sci Rep 12:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08668-1
Kishor R, Purchase D, Saratale GD, Saratale RG, Ferreira LFR, Bilal M, Chandra R, Bharagava RN (2021) Ecotoxicological and health concerns of persistent coloring pollutants of textile industry wastewater and treatment approaches for environmental safety. J Environ Chem Eng 9:105012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2020.105012
Krishnani KK, Srinives S, Mohapatra B, Boddu VM, Hao J, Meng X, Mulchandani A (2013) Hexavalent chromium removal mechanism using conducting polymers. J Hazard Mater 252:99–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.01.079
Kudr J, Haddad Y, Richtera L, Heger Z, Cernak M, Adam V, Zitka O (2017) Magnetic nanoparticles: from design and synthesis to real world applications. Nanomaterials (Basel) 7:243. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7090243
Kutluay S (2021) Excellent adsorptive performance of novel magnetic nano-adsorbent functionalized with 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid for the removal of volatile organic compounds (BTX) vapors. Fuel 287:119691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119691
Lahreche S, Moulefera I, El Kebir A, Sabantina L, Kaid Mh, Benyoucef A (2022) Application of activated carbon adsorbents prepared from prickly pear fruit seeds and a conductive polymer matrix to remove Congo red from aqueous solutions. J Fibers 10:7. https://doi.org/10.3390/fib10010007
Lakard B (2020) Electrochemical biosensors based on conducting polymers: a review. J Appl Sci 10:6614. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10186614
Lei C, Wang C, Chen W, He M, Huang B (2020) Polyaniline@ magnetic chitosan nanomaterials for highly efficient simultaneous adsorption and in-situ chemical reduction of hexavalent chromium: removal efficacy and mechanisms. Sci Total Environ 733:139316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139316
Li Z, Ye M, Han A, Du H (2016) Preparation, characterization and microwave absorption properties of NiFe2O4 and its composites with conductive polymer. J Mater Sci Mater Electron 27:1031–1043. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-015-3848-8
Li X, Lu H, Zhang Y, He F (2017a) Efficient removal of organic pollutants from aqueous media using newly synthesized polypyrrole/CNTs-CoFe2O4 magnetic nanocomposites. Chem Eng J 316:893–902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.02.037
Li Y, Qiu J, Ye S, Wang L, Yang C, Sun P, Wang C (2017b) Facile fabrication of PS/Fe 3 O 4@ PANi nanocomposite particles and their application for the effective removal of Cu 2+. New J Chem 41:14137–14144. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7NJ03139D
Li Y, Wang W, Liu X, Mao E, Wang M, Li G, Fu L, Li Z, Eng AYS, Seh ZW (2019) Engineering stable electrode-separator interfaces with ultrathin conductive polymer layer for high-energy-density Li-S batteries. Energy Stor Mater 23:261–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2019.05.005
Liang Y-d, He Y-j, Zhang Y-h (2018) Adsorption property of alizarin red S by NiFe2O4/polyaniline magnetic composite. J Environ Chem Eng 6:416–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2017.12.022
Lin T, Liu W, Yan B, Li J, Lin Y, Zhao Y, Shi Z, Chen S (2021) Self-assembled polyaniline/Ti3C2Tx nanocomposites for high-performance electrochromic films. Nanomaterials 11:2956. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11112956
Liu H, Wang C, Wang G (2020) Photocatalytic advanced oxidation processes for water treatment: recent advances and perspective. Chem Asian J 15:3239–3253. https://doi.org/10.1002/asia.202000895
Liu X, Zheng W, Kumar R, Kumar M, Zhang J (2022) Conducting polymer-based nanostructures for gas sensors. Coord Chem Rev 462:214517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214517
Lu W, Chow TH, Lu Y, Wang J (2020) Electrochemical coating of different conductive polymers on diverse plasmonic metal nanocrystals. Nanoscale 12:21617–21623. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0NR05715K
Lyu W, Wu J, Zhang W, Liu Y, Yu M, Zhao Y, Feng J, Yan W (2019) Easy separated 3D hierarchical coral-like magnetic polyaniline adsorbent with enhanced performance in adsorption and reduction of Cr (VI) and immobilization of Cr (III). J Chem Eng 363:107–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.01.109
Ma M, Wei Y, Wei H, Liu X, Liu H (2021a) High-efficiency solid-phase microextraction performance of polypyrrole enhanced titania nanoparticles for sensitive determination of polar chlorophenols and triclosan in environmental water samples. RSC Adv 11:28632–28642. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1RA04405B
Ma Y, Liu N, Xu Z, Wang J, Luo X (2021b) An ultrasensitive biosensor based on three-dimensional nanoporous conducting polymer decorated with gold nanoparticles for microRNA detection. Microchem J 161:105780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2020.105780
Mahto TK, Chowdhuri AR, Sahu SK (2014) Polyaniline‐functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for the removal of toxic dye from wastewater. J Appl Polym Sci 131:40840. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.40840
Maleki A, Niksefat M, Rahimi J, Taheri-Ledari R (2019) Multicomponent synthesis of pyrano [2, 3-d] pyrimidine derivatives via a direct one-pot strategy executed by novel designed copperated Fe3O4@ polyvinyl alcohol magnetic nanoparticles. Mater Today Chem 13:110–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2019.05.001
Manisalidis I, Stavropoulou E, Stavropoulos A, Bezirtzoglou E (2020) Environmental and health impacts of air pollution: a review. Front Public Health 8:14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00014
Mashkoor F, Nasar A (2020) Facile synthesis of polypyrrole decorated chitosan-based magsorbent: characterizations, performance, and applications in removing cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous medium. Int J Biol Macromol 161:88–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.015
Melánová K, Beneš L, Zima V, Trchová M, Stejskal J (2019) Microcomposites of zirconium phosphonates with a conducting polymer, polyaniline: preparation, spectroscopic study and humidity sensing. J Solid State Chem 276:285–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2019.05.019
Meng H, Perepichka DF, Bendikov M, Wudl F, Pan GZ, Yu W, Dong W, Brown S (2003) Solid-state synthesis of a conducting polythiophene via an unprecedented heterocyclic coupling reaction. J Am Chem Soc 125:15151–15162. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja037115y
Mohammadi Nodeh MK, Gabris MA, Rashidi Nodeh H, Esmaeili Bidhendi M (2018) Efficient removal of arsenic (III) from aqueous media using magnetic polyaniline-doped strontium–titanium nanocomposite. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25:16864–16874. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1870-0
Morávková Z, Taboubi O, Minisy IM, Bober P (2021) The evolution of the molecular structure of polypyrrole during chemical polymerization. Synth Met 271:116608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2020.116608
Morsi RE, Al-Sabagh AM, Moustafa YM, ElKholy SG, Sayed M (2018) Polythiophene modified chitosan/magnetite nanocomposites for heavy metals and selective mercury removal. Egypt J Pet 27:1077–1085. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpe.2018.03.004
Mosavi SS, Zare EN, Behniafar H, Tajbakhsh M (2023) Removal of amoxicillin antibiotic from polluted water by a magnetic bionanocomposite based on carboxymethyl tragacanth gum-grafted-polyaniline. Water 15(1):202. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15010202
Mu B, Tang J, Zhang L, Wang A (2016) Preparation, characterization and application on dye adsorption of a well-defined two-dimensional superparamagnetic clay/polyaniline/Fe3O4 nanocomposite. Appl Clay Sci 132:7–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2016.06.005
Mu B, Tang J, Zhang L, Wang A (2017) Facile fabrication of superparamagnetic graphene/polyaniline/Fe3O4 nanocomposites for fast magnetic separation and efficient removal of dye. Sci Rep 7:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05755-6
Muhammad A, A-u-HA S, Bilal S, Rahman G (2019a) Basic blue dye adsorption from water using polyaniline/magnetite (Fe3O4) composites: kinetic and thermodynamic aspects. J Mater 12:1764. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12111764
Muhammad A, Shah AA, Bilal S (2019b) Comparative study of the adsorption of acid blue 40 on polyaniline, magnetic oxide and their composites: synthesis, characterization and application. Materials 12:2854. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12111764
Naik AU, Satpathy SK, Behera B (2022) Synthesis and transport properties of cobalt ferrite: a systematic overview. Micro Nanosyst 14:101–109. https://doi.org/10.2174/1876402912666200831180445
Namsheer K, Rout CS (2021) Conducting polymers: a comprehensive review on recent advances in synthesis, properties and applications. RSC Adv 11:5659–5697. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RA07800J
Navale S, Khuspe G, Chougule M, Patil V (2014) Synthesis and characterization of hybrid nanocomposites of polypyrrole filled with iron oxide nanoparticles. J Phys Chem Solids 75:236–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2013.09.023
Nezhad AA, Alimoradi M, Ramezani M (2018) One-step preparation of graphene oxide/polypyrrole magnetic nanocomposite and its application in the removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution. Mater Res Express 5:025508. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aaab1d
Nezhadali A, Koushali SE, Divsar F (2021) Synthesis of polypyrrole–chitosan magnetic nanocomposite for the removal of carbamazepine from wastewater: Adsorption isotherm and kinetic study. J Environ Chem Eng 9:105648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.105648
Nie S, Li Z, Yao Y, Jin Y (2021) Progress in synthesis of conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). Front Chem 9:1137. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2021.803509
Ozkazanc H, Zor S (2013) Electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole (PPy) and PPyǀmetal composites on copper electrode and investigation of their anticorrosive properties. Prog Org Coat 76:720–728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2013.01.002
Pan L, Qiu H, Dou C, Li Y, Pu L, Xu J, Shi Y (2010) Conducting polymer nanostructures: template synthesis and applications in energy storage. Int J Mol Sci 11:2636–2657. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms11072636
Pang S-K (2020) Comprehensive study of polymerization of pyrrole: a theoretical approach. J Electroanal Chem 859:113886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.113886
Pascariu P, Airinei A, Grigoras M, Vacareanu L, Iacomi F (2015) Metal–polymer nanocomposites based on Ni nanoparticles and polythiophene obtained by electrochemical method. Appl Surf Sci 352:95–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.03.063
Paswan SK, Kumar P, Singh RK, Shukla SK, Kumar L (2021) Spinel ferrite magnetic nanoparticles: an alternative for wastewater treatment. In: Singh P, Singh R, Singh VK, Bhadouria R (eds) Pollutants and Water Management: Resources, Strategies and Scarcity. Wiley, New York, pp 273–305
Patil MR, Shrivastava V (2015) Adsorption of malachite green by polyaniline–nickel ferrite magnetic nanocomposite: an isotherm and kinetic study. J Appl Nanosci 5:809–816. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-014-0383-5
Phukan P, Chetia R, Boruah R, Konwer S, Sarma D (2021) Fabrication of polypyrrole/Cu (II) nanocomposite through liquid/liquid interfacial polymerization: a novel catalyst for synthesis of NH-1, 2, 3-triazoles in PEG-400. J Mater Adv 2:6996–7006. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1MA00700A
Pieper KJ, Tang M, Edwards MA (2017) Flint water crisis caused by interrupted corrosion control: investigating “ground zero” home. Environ Sci Technol 51:2007–2014. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b04034
Poddar P, Wilson J, Srikanth H, Morrison S, Carpenter E (2004) Magnetic properties of conducting polymer doped with manganese–zinc ferrite nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 15:S570. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/15/10/013
Pourmortazavi SM, Sahebi H, Zandavar H, Mirsadeghi S (2019) Fabrication of Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated by extracted shrimp peels chitosan as sustainable adsorbents for removal of chromium contaminates from wastewater: the design of experiment. Compos B Eng 175:107130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107130
Prakash S, Verma AK (2021) Arsenic: it’s toxicity and impact on human health. Int J Biol Innov 3:38–47. https://doi.org/10.46505/IJBI.2021.3102
Praveena K, Srinath S (2014) Synthesis and characterization of CoFe2O4/polyaniline nanocomposites for electromagnetic interference applications. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 14:4371–4376. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2014.8286
Prunet G, Pawula F, Fleury G, Cloutet E, Robinson AJ, Hadziioannou G, Pakdel A (2021) A review on conductive polymers and their hybrids for flexible and wearable thermoelectric applications. J Mater Today Phys 18:100402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtphys.2021.100402
Rachna K, Agarwal A, Singh N (2018) Preparation and characterization of zinc ferrite—polyaniline nanocomposite for removal of rhodamine B dye from aqueous solution. Environ Nanotechnol Monit Manag 9:154–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enmm.2018.03.001
Ramírez-Ortega AA, Medina-Llamas M, da Silva RJ, García-Elías J, de Lira-Gómez P, Medina-Llamas JC, Chávez-Guajardo AE (2021) Synthesis of a maghemite-polypyrrole nanocomposite for the removal of Congo red dye from aqueous solutions. Environ Nanotechnol Monit Manag 16:100597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enmm.2021.100597
Ramutshatsha-Makhwedzha D, Ngila JC, Ndungu PG, Nomngongo PN (2019) Ultrasound assisted adsorptive removal of Cr, Cu, Al, Ba, Zn, Ni, Mn, Co and Ti from seawater using Fe2O3-SiO2-PAN nanocomposite: equilibrium kinetics. J Mar Sci Eng 7:133. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7050133
Rane AV, Kanny K, Abitha VK, Thomas S (2018) Methods for synthesis of nanoparticles and fabrication of nanocomposites. In: Mohan Bhagyaraj S, Oluwafemi OS, Kalarikkal N , Thomas S (eds) Synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials. Woodhead Publishing, United Kingdom, pp 121–139
Rathi BS, Kumar PS, Vo DN (2021) Critical review on hazardous pollutants in water environment: occurrence, monitoring, fate, removal technologies and risk assessment. Sci Total Environ 797:149134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149134
Saadattalab V, Shakeri A, Gholami H (2016) Effect of CNTs and nano ZnO on physical and mechanical properties of polyaniline composites applicable in energy devices. Prog Nat Sci 26:517–522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnsc.2016.09.005
Sadeghi MM, Rad AS, Ardjmand M, Mirabi A (2018) Preparation of magnetic nanocomposite based on polyaniline/Fe3O4 towards removal of lead (II) ions from real samples. Synth Met 245:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2018.08.001
Sadeghpour F, Nabiyouni G, Ghanbari D (2022) Simple synthesis of conductive poly aniline/cobalt ferrite magnetic nanocomposite: its radio waves absorption and photo catalyst ability. J Clust Sci 33:1257–1266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-021-02057-w
Samadi A, Xie M, Li J, Shon H, Zheng C, Zhao S (2021) Polyaniline-based adsorbents for aqueous pollutants removal: a review. Chem Eng J 418:129425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.129425
Sasikumar M, Subiramaniyam N (2018) Microstructure, electrical and humidity sensing properties of TiO2/polyaniline nanocomposite films prepared by sol–gel spin coating technique. J Mater Sci Mater Electron 29:7099–7106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-8697-9
Scindia SS, Kamble RB, Kher JA (2019) Nickel ferrite/polypyrrole core-shell composite as an efficient electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor. AIP Adv 9:055218. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5090310
Selvaraj V, Karthika TS, Mansiya C, Alagar M (2021) An over review on recently developed techniques, mechanisms and intermediate involved in the advanced azo dye degradation for industrial applications. J Mol Struct 1224:129195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129195
Sha Z, Qiu S, Zhang Q, Huang Z, Cui X, Yang Y, Lin Z (2019) A facile solvothermal polymerization approach to thermoplastic polymer-based nanocomposites as alternative anodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. J Mater Chem 7:23019–23027. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9TA08303K
Shahryari Z, Gheisari K, Yeganeh M, Ramezanzadeh B (2021) Corrosion mitigation ability of differently synthesized polypyrrole (PPy-FeCl3 & PPy-APS) conductive polymers modified with Na2MoO4 on mild steel in 3.5% NaCl solution: comparative study and optimization. Corros Sci 193:109894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109894
Sharif A, Mustaqeem M, Saleh TA, ur Rehman A, Ahmad M, Warsi MF (2022) Synthesis, structural and dielectric properties of Mg/Zn ferrites -PVA nanocomposites. J Mater Sci Eng B 280:115689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2022.115689
Sharma P, Singh SP, Parakh SK, Tong YW (2022a) Health hazards of hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) and its microbial reduction. Bioengineered 13:4923–4938. https://doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2022.2037273
Sharma R, Agrawal PR, Kumar R, Ittishree, Gupta G (2022b) Biosorption for Eliminating Inorganic Contaminants (IOCs) from Wastewater. In: Selvasembian R, Singh P (eds) Biosorption for Wastewater Contaminants. Wiley, New York, pp 42–62. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119737629.ch3
Shokry A, Elshaer A, El Nady J, Ebrahim S, Khalil M (2022) High energy density and specific capacity for supercapacitor based on electrochemical synthesized polyindole. Electrochim Acta 423:140614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140614
Shrestha S, Wang B, Dutta P (2020) Nanoparticle processing: understanding and controlling aggregation. J Adv Colloid Interface Sci 279:102162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2020.102162
Shrestha R, Ban S, Devkota S, Sharma S, Joshi R, Tiwari AP, Kim HY, Joshi MK (2021) Technological trends in heavy metals removal from industrial wastewater: a review. J Environ Chem Eng 9:105688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.105688
Singh G, Chandra S (2020) Nano-flowered manganese doped ferrite@PANI composite as energy storage electrode material for supercapacitors. J Electroanal Chem 874:114491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114491
Singh N, Rachna K (2020) Copper ferrite-polyaniline nanocomposite and its application for Cr (VI) ion removal from aqueous solution. J Environ Nanotechnol Monit Manag 14:100301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enmm.2020.100301
Song F, Li W, Han G, Sun Y (2017) Electropolymerization of aniline on nickel-based electrocatalysts substantially enhances their performance for hydrogen evolution. ACS Appl Energy Mater 1:3–8. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.7b00005
Srivastava A, Prajapati A (2020) Albumin and functionalized albumin nanoparticles: production strategies, characterization, and target indications. Asian Biomed 14:217–242. https://doi.org/10.1515/abm-2020-0032
Stein C, Bezerra M, Holanda G, André-Filho J, Morais P (2018) Structural and magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by co-precipitation at increasing temperatures. AIP Adv 8:056303. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5006321
Subramaniam MN, Goh PS, Lau WJ, Ismail AF, Gürsoy M, Karaman M (2019) Synthesis of Titania nanotubes/polyaniline via rotating bed-plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition for enhanced visible light photodegradation. Appl Surf Sci 484:740–750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.04.118
Sun W, Zhou Y, Su Q, Chen L, Wang Y, Liu J, Sun Y, Ma H (2017) Removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solutions using polypyrrole-based magnetic composites. Polym Bull 74:1157–1174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-016-1769-1
Surendra MK, Kannan D, Rao MR (2011) Magnetic and dielectric properties study of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by co-precipitation method. Mater Res Soc Symp Proc 1368:1140. https://doi.org/10.1557/opl.2011.1281
Taccola S, Greco F, Zucca A, Innocenti C, Julián C, de Fernández, Campo G, Sangregorio C, Mazzolai B, Mattoli V (2013) Characterization of free-standing PEDOT: PSS/iron oxide nanoparticle composite thin films and application as conformable humidity sensors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 5(6324):6332. https://doi.org/10.1021/am4013775
Taghizadeh A, Taghizadeh M, Jouyandeh M, Yazdi MK, Zarrintaj P, Saeb MR, Lima EC, Gupta VK (2020) Conductive polymers in water treatment: a review. J Mol Liq 312:113447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113447
Taleb MA, Kumar R, Al-Rashdi AA, Seliem MK, Barakat M (2020) Fabrication of SiO2/CuFe2O4/polyaniline composite: a highly efficient adsorbent for heavy metals removal from aquatic environment. Arab J Chem 13:7533–7543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.08.028
Tan Y, Ghandi K (2013) Kinetics and mechanism of pyrrole chemical polymerization. Synth Met 175:183–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2013.05.014
Tang S, Lan Q, Liang J, Chen S, Liu C, Zhao J, Cheng Q, Cao Y-C, Liu J (2017) Facile synthesis of Fe3O4@ PPy core-shell magnetic nanoparticles and their enhanced dispersity and acid stability. Mater Des 121:47–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.02.049
Tang X, Raskin J-P, Kryvutsa N, Hermans S, Slobodian O, Nazarov AN, Debliquy M (2020) An ammonia sensor composed of polypyrrole synthesized on reduced graphene oxide by electropolymerization. Sens Actuators B Chem 305:127423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2019.127423
Tanzifi M, Kolbadi Nezhad M, Karimipour K (2017) Kinetic and isotherm studies of cadmium adsorption on polypyrrole/titanium dioxide nanocomposite. J Water Environ Nanotechnol 2:265–277. https://doi.org/10.22090/jwent.2017.04.004
Temizel E, Ayan E, Şenel M, Erdemi H, Yavuz MS, Kavas H, Baykal A, Öztürk R (2011) Synthesis, conductivity and magnetic properties of poly (N-pyrrole phosphonic acid)–Fe3O4 nanocomposite. J Mater Chem Phys 131:284–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.09.043
Tomar D, Jeevanandam P (2020) Synthesis of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with different morphologies via thermal decomposition approach and studies on their magnetic properties. J Alloys Compd 843:155815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.155815
Tran TTA, Duong HTL, Pham TTP, Nguyen T, Nguyen TD, Tran BA (2021) Preparation of magnetic composite polyaniline/Fe3O4− hydrotalcite and performance in removal of methyl orange. Adsorp Sci Technol 4150073. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/4150073
Tsay C-Y, Chiu Y-C, Tseng Y-K (2019) Investigation on structural, magnetic, and FMR properties for hydrothermally-synthesized magnesium-zinc ferrite nanoparticles. Phys B Condens Matter 570:29–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2019.05.037
Uddin MJ, Jeong Y-K, Lee W (2021) Microbial fuel cells for bioelectricity generation through reduction of hexavalent chromium in wastewater: a review. Int J Hydrog Energy 46:11458–11481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.06.134
Unger C, Lieberzeit PA (2021) Molecularly imprinted thin film surfaces in sensing: chances and challenges. React Funct Polym 161:104855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.104855
Ur Rehman S, Ahmed R, Ma K, Xu S, Tao T, Aslam MA, Amir M, Wang J (2020) Composite of strip-shaped ZIF-67 with polypyrrole: a conductive polymer-MOF electrode system for stable and high specific capacitance. J Solid State Chem 13:71–78. https://doi.org/10.30919/es8d1263
Varanda LC, Souza CG, Moraes DA, Neves HR, Souza JB, Silva MF, Bini RA, Albers RF, Silva TL, Beck W (2019) Size and shape-controlled nanomaterials based on modified polyol and thermal decomposition approaches. A brief review. An Acad Bras Cienc 91:e20181180. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920181180
Vashisht A, Rai R, Thakur S, Kondal S, Singh KA, Sharma D, Gilhotra V (2022) In: Khadir A, Muthu SS (eds) Biological Approaches in Dye-Containing Wastewater. Sustainable Textiles: Production, Processing, Manufacturing & Chemistry. Springer, Singapore, pp 95–118
Veisi H, Hemmati S, Safarimehr P (2018) In situ immobilized palladium nanoparticles on surface of poly-methyldopa coated-magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@ PMDA/Pd): a magnetically recyclable nanocatalyst for cyanation of aryl halides with K4 [Fe (CN) 6]. J Catal 365:204–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2018.07.008
Velusamy S, Roy A, Sundaram S, Kumar Mallick T (2021) A review on heavy metal ions and containing dyes removal through graphene oxide-based adsorption strategies for textile wastewater treatment. Chem Rec 21:1570–1610. https://doi.org/10.1002/tcr.202000153
Vinosha PA, Mely LA, Mary GIN, Mahalakshmi K, Das SJ (2017) Study on cobalt ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by co-precipitation technique for photo-fenton application. Mech Mater Sci Eng J 9:01498330f. https://doi.org/10.2412/mmse.36.49.466
Vivekanandan J, Ponnusamy V, Mahudeswaran A, Vijayanand P (2011) Synthesis, characterization and conductivity study of polyaniline prepared by chemical oxidative and electrochemical methods. Arch Appl Sci Res 3:147–153. scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html)
Wadhawan S, Jain A, Nayyar J, Mehta SK (2020) Role of nanomaterials as adsorbents in heavy metal ion removal from waste water: a review. J Water Process Eng 33:101038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.101038
Wan M, Fan J (1998) Synthesis and ferromagnetic properties of composites of a water-soluble polyaniline copolymer containing iron oxide. J Polym Sci Part A Polym Chem 36:2749–2755. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0518(19981115)36:15%3C2749::AID-POLA11%3E3.0.CO;2-O
Wang G, Morrin A, Li M, Liu N, Luo X (2018) Nanomaterial-doped conducting polymers for electrochemical sensors and biosensors. J Mater Chem B 6:4173–4190. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8TB00817E
Wang Y, Zhu Y, Xue Y, Wang J, Li X, Wu X, Qin Y, Chen W (2020) Sequential in-situ route to synthesize novel composite hydrogels with excellent mechanical, conductive, and magnetic responsive properties. Mater Des 193:108759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2020.108759
Yadav M, Gupta R, Arora G, Yadav P, Srivastava A, Sharma RK (2020) Current Status of Heavy Metal Contaminants and Their Removal/Recovery Techniques, Contaminants in Our Water: Identification and Remediation Methods. ACS Symposium Series, American Chemical Society, Washington DC, pp 41–64
Yadav M, Singh G, Jadeja RN (2021) Physical and chemical methods for heavy metal removal. In: Singh P, Singh R, Singh VK, Bhadouria R (eds) Pollutants and water management. Wiley, New York, pp 377–397
Yang S, Liu D, Liao F, Guo T, Wu Z, Zhang T (2012) Synthesis, characterization, morphology control of poly (p-phenylenediamine)-Fe3O4 magnetic micro-composite and their application for the removal of Cr2O72− from water. Synth Met 162:2329–2336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2012.11.011
Yang G, Tang L, Cai Y, Zeng G, Guo P, Chen G, Zhou Y, Tang J, Chen J, Xiong W (2014) Effective removal of Cr(vi) through adsorption and reduction by magnetic mesoporous carbon incorporated with polyaniline. RSC Adv 4:58362–58371. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA08432B
Yang C, Zhang P, Nautiyal A, Li S, Liu N, Yin J, Deng K, Zhang X (2019) Tunable three-dimensional nanostructured conductive polymer hydrogels for energy-storage applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 11:4258–4267. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b19180
Yang L, Yang L, Wu S, Wei F, Hu Y, Xu X, Zhang L, Sun D (2020) Three-dimensional conductive organic sulfonic acid co-doped bacterial cellulose/polyaniline nanocomposite films for detection of ammonia at room temperature. Sens Actuators B Chem 323:128689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2020.128689
Yasasve M, Manjusha M, Manojj D, Hariharan N, Preethi PS, Asaithambi P, Karmegam N, Saravanan M (2022) Unravelling the emerging carcinogenic contaminants from industrial waste water for prospective remediation by electrocoagulation–a review. Chemosphere 307:136017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136017
Yu C, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Geng R, Tian W, Fan X, Yao Y (2018) One-step in situ ball milling synthesis of polymer-functionalized few-layered boron nitride and its application in high thermally conductive cellulose composites. ACS Appl Nano Mater 1:4875–4883. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.8b01047
Yuan X-Z, Yang R-M, Wang X-P (2021) Management perspective of Wilson’s disease: early diagnosis and individualized therapy. Curr Neuropharmacol 19:465–485. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X18666200429233517
Yussuf A, Al-Saleh M, Al-Enezi S, Abraham G (2018) Synthesis and characterization of conductive polypyrrole: the influence of the oxidants and monomer on the electrical, thermal, and morphological properties. Int J Polym Sci 2018:4191747. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4191747
Zare EN, Lakouraj MM (2014) Biodegradable polyaniline/dextrin conductive nanocomposites: synthesis, characterization, and study of antioxidant activity and sorption of heavy metal ions. Iran Polym J 23:257–266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-014-0221-3
Zare EN, Lakouraj MM, Ramezani A (2016) Efficient sorption of Pb (II) from an aqueous solution using a poly (aniline-co-3-aminobenzoic acid)-based magnetic core–shell nanocomposite. New J Chem 40:2521–2529. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5NJ02880A
Zare EN, Lakouraj MM, Kasirian N (2018a) Development of effective nano-biosorbent based on poly m-phenylenediamine grafted dextrin for removal of Pb (II) and methylene blue from water. Carbohydr Polym 201:539–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.091
Zare EN, Motahari A, Sillanpää M (2018b) Nanoadsorbents based on conducting polymer nanocomposites with main focus on polyaniline and its derivatives for removal of heavy metal ions/dyes: a review. J Environ Res 162:173–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.12.025
Zare EN, Mudhoo A, Ali Khan M, Otero M, Bundhoo ZMA, Patel M, Srivastava A, Navarathna C, Mlsna T, Mohan D (2021) Smart adsorbents for aquatic environmental remediation. Small 17:2007840. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202007840
Zare EN, Lakouraj MM, Ramezani A (2015) Effective adsorption of heavy metal cations by superparamagnetic poly (aniline‐co‐m‐phenylenediamine)@ Fe3O4 nanocomposite. Adv Polym Technol 34:20501. https://doi.org/10.1002/adv.21501
Zhang J, Han J, Wang M, Guo R (2017) Fe 3 O 4/PANI/MnO 2 core–shell hybrids as advanced adsorbents for heavy metal ions. J Mater Chem 5:4058–4066. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TA10499A
Zhang C, Dai Y, Wu Y, Lu G, Cao Z, Cheng J, Wang K, Yang H, Xia Y, Wen X (2020) Facile preparation of polyacrylamide/chitosan/Fe3O4 composite hydrogels for effective removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution. Carbohydr Polym 234:115882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115882
Zhao Y, Chen H, Li J, Chen C (2015) Hierarchical MWCNTs/Fe3O4/PANI magnetic composite as adsorbent for methyl orange removal. J Colloid Interface Sci 450:189–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2015.03.015
Zhao Y, Xia K, Zhang Z, Zhu Z, Guo Y, Qu Z (2019) Facile synthesis of polypyrrole-functionalized CoFe2O4@ SiO2 for removal for Hg (II). J Nanomater 9:455. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9030455
Zhou Q, Wang J, Liao X, Xiao J, Fan H (2015) Removal of As (III) and As (V) from water using magnetic core-shell nanomaterial Fe3O4@ polyaniline. Int J Green Technol 1:55–64
Zhu Y, Li Z, Zhang D (2008) Electromagnetic nanocomposites prepared by cryomilling of polyaniline and Fe nanoparticles. J Polym Sci B Polym Phys 46:1571–1576. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.21493
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Data collection and analysis were performed by Abhishek Srivastava, Madhav Krishna Goswami, Rajeev Kumar Dohare, Anjani Kumar Tiwari, and Anupam Srivastava. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Abhishek Srivastava, Madhav Krishna Goswami, Rajeev Kumar Dohare, Anjani Kumar Tiwari, and Anupam Srivastava, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethical approval
No ethical approval is required regarding this manuscript.
Consent to participate
No consent is required regarding this manuscript.
Consent for publication
Corresponding author has taken prior consent from the corresponding author and publisher whose data and figures are used in the manuscript.
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Responsible Editor: Angeles Blanco
Publisher's note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Goswami, M.K., Srivastava, A., Dohare, R.K. et al. Recent advances in conducting polymer-based magnetic nanosorbents for dyes and heavy metal removal: fabrication, applications, and perspective. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 73031–73060 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27458-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27458-4