Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Short-term effect of PM2.5 on pediatric asthma incidence in Shanghai, China

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Recent epidemiological studies pointed out that air pollution has a significant impact on pediatric asthma. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China, and the short-term effect of atmospheric particulate matter on the incidence of pediatric asthma has become a hot topic. From January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2010, we used daily measurements of pollutant concentrations, daily weather data, and daily records of pediatric asthma hospital visits from local authorities to evaluate the short-term effect of air pollution on pediatric asthma incidence in Shanghai, China. We used a generalized additive model (GAM) in the analysis, and the controlled confounding factors include long-term trends, day-of-the-week effects, and weather elements. We divided the entire study group into different age-subgroups. In addition, we took a variety of lag models into consideration. The results showed a strong connection between concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and pediatric asthma hospital visits from 2009 to 2010 in Shanghai, China. For the entire study group, the greatest relative risk (RR) of PM2.5 on pediatric asthma hospital visits was 1.060 on a lag of 4 days. As for the three different age-subgroups, the greatest RR of PM2.5 on pediatric asthma hospital visits was 1.061 (at a lag of 5 days), 1.071 (at a lag of 4 days), and 1.052 (at a lag of 2 days), for the under-2-year-olds, 3-to-5-year-olds, and the 6-to-18-year-olds, respectively. The overall short-term effect of PM2.5 on pediatric asthma hospital visits was relatively stronger in younger children. Within the year, we detected the strongest seasonal effect of PM2.5 on pediatric asthma hospital visits in Summer. When adding other air pollutants in the analysis model, RR of PM2.5 on pediatric asthma hospital visits would be increased.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Akaike H (1975) A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE Trans Autom Control 19(6):716–723

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • An MY (2013) The association of PM2.5 and surface ozone with asthma prevalence among school children in Japan: 2006-2009. Health 5(10B):1–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell ML, Dominici F, Ebisu K, Zeger SL, Samet JM (2007) Spatial and temporal variation in PM2.5 chemical composition in the United States for health effects studies. Environ Health Perspect 115(7):989–995

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • CarracedoMartinez E, Sanchez C, Taracido M, Saez M, Jato V, Figueiras A (2010) Effect of short-term exposure to air pollution and pollen on medical emergency calls: a case-crossover study in Spain. Allergy 63(3):347–353

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chan CL, Phan DV, Yang NP, Pan RH, Wu CY, Chen CL, Kuo CY (2018) A survey of ambulatory treated asthma and correlation with weather and air pollution conditions within Taiwan during 2001–2010. Journal of asthma, 1-22

  • Chen RJ, Somli E, Wong QM et al (2012) Associations between short-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide and mortality in 17 Chinese cities: the China air pollution and health effects study (CAPES). Environ Int 45:32–38

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chien LC, Chen YA, Yu HL (2018) Lagged influence of fine particulate matter and geographic disparities on clinic visits for children’s asthma in Taiwan. Int J Environ Res Public Health 15(4):829

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dany D, Kees DH, Nicole PH et al (2017) Residential air pollution and associations with wheeze and shortness of breath in adults: a combined analysis of cross-sectional data from two large European cohorts. Environ Health Perspect 125(9):097025

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • David MS, Robert CB, Jeffery RB et al (2000) Air pollution, aeroallergens and cardiorespiratory emergency department visits in Saint John, Canada. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 10(5):461–477

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fan J, Li S, Fan C, Bai Z, Yang K (2016) The impact of PM2.5 on asthma emergency department visits: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23(1):843–850

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gent JF, Koutrakis P, Belanger K et al (2009) Symptoms and medication use in children with asthma and traffic-related sources of fine particle pollution. Environ Health Perspect 117(7):1168–1174

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glad JA, Brink LL, Talbott EO, Lee PC, Xu X, Saul M et al (2012) The relationship of ambient ozone and PM2.5 levels and asthma emergency department visits: possible influence of gender and ethnicity. Arch Environ Occup Health 67(2):103–108

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gleason JA, Bielory L, Fagliano JA (2014) Associations between ozone, PM2.5, and four pollen types on emergency department pediatric asthma events during the warm season in New Jersey: a case-crossover study. Environ Res 132(132C):421–429

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guo YM, Barnett AG, Yu WW et al (2011) A large change in temperature between neighbouring days increases the risk of mortality. PLoS One 6(2):e16511

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guyatt GH, Juniper EF, Griffith LE, Feeny DH, Ferrie PJ (1997) Children and adult perceptions of childhood asthma. Pediatrics 99(2):165–168

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haikerwal A, Akram M, Sim MR, Meyer M, Abramson MJ, Dennekamp M (2016) Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure during a prolonged wildfire period and emergency department visits for asthma. Respirology 21(1):88–94

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • HakanTecer L, OmarAlagha, FerhatKaraca, GürdalTuncel, NiluferEldes (2008) Particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10–2.5, and PM10) and children’s hospital admissions for asthma and respiratory diseases: a bidirectional case-crossover study. J Toxicol Environ Health, 71(8), 512–520

  • Han JB, Zhang ZH, Tong GQ, Jian-Jun XU, Qiu Y, Liu HF et al (2014) Effects of PM2.5 on inflammatory factors of patients with asthma in Taiyuan. J Environ Health 31(3):229–231

    Google Scholar 

  • Hu XG, Jin Y, Jin JB, Lin L, Zhang HL, Li CC (2015) Relationship between air pollutants and respiratory diseases in children. J Bio-Educ 1:26–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Ito S, Kawaoi T, Kondo Y, Hiruma F, Togo T, Takashima H et al (1992) Outbreaks of asthma attack and meteorological parameters—comparison between two areas. Arerugī = [Allergy] 41(4):475–484

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jones RR, Hogrefe C, Fitzgerald EF et al (2015) Respiratory hospitalizations in association with fine PM and its components in New York state. J Air Waste Manage Assoc 65(5):559–569

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jun LI, Sun CB, Liu XD, Dong SP, Guo J, Wang Y et al (2009) Non-parameter statistical analysis of impacts of meteorological conditions on PM concentration in Beijing. Res Environ Sci 22(06):663–669

    Google Scholar 

  • Jung CR, Young LH, Hsu HT, Lin MY, Chen YC, Hwang BF et al (2017) PM2.5 components and outpatient visits for asthma: a time-stratified case-crossover study in a suburban area. Environ Pollut 231(Pt 1):1085–1092

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kan H, London SJ, Chen G et al (2008) Season, sex, age, and education as modifiers of the effects of outdoor air pollution on daily mortality in Shanghai, China: the public health and air pollution in Asia (PAPA) study. Environ Health Perspect 116(9):1183–1188

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keet CA, Keller JP, Peng RD (2018) Long-term Coarse PM Exposure is Associated with Asthma Among Children in Medicaid. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 197(6), 737–746

  • Khalili R, Bartell SM, Hu X, Liu Y, Chang HH, Belanoff C et al (2018) Early-life exposure to PM2.5 and risk of acute asthma clinical encounters among children in Massachusetts: a case-crossover analysis. Environ Health 17(1):25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kioumourtzoglou MA, Schwartz J, James P et al (2016) PM2.5 and mortality in 207 US cities: modification by temperature and city characteristics. Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) 27(2):221

    Google Scholar 

  • Ko FWS, Tam W, Wong TW, Lai CKW, Wong GWK, Leung TF et al (2010) Effects of air pollution on asthma hospitalization rates in different age groups in Hong Kong. Clin Exp Allergy 37(9):1312–1319

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koenig JQ, Mar TF, Allen RW, Jansen K, Lumley T, Sullivan JH et al (2005) Pulmonary effects of indoor- and outdoor-generated particles in children with asthma. Environ Health Perspect 113(4):499–503

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuo CY, Pan RH, Chan CK et al (2018) Application of a time-stratified case-crossover design to explore the effects of air pollution and season on childhood asthma hospitalization in cities of differing urban patterns: big data analytics of government open data. Int J Environ Res Public Health 15(4):647

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SL, Wong WHS, Lau YL (2006) Association between air pollution and asthma admission among children in Hong Kong. Clin Exp Allergy J Br Soc Allergy Clin Immunol 36(9):1138–1146

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu CJ, Liu CY, Mong N, Chou C (2016) Spatial correlation of satellite-derived PM2.5 with hospital admissions for respiratory diseases. Remote Sens 8(11)

  • Loftus C, Yost M, Sampson P, Arias G, Torres E, Vasquez VB et al (2015) Regional PM2.5 and asthma morbidity in an agricultural community: a panel study. Environ Res 136:505–512

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ma YX, Yang SX, Zhou JD, Yu ZA, Zhou J (2018) Effect of ambient air pollution on emergency room admissions for respiratory diseases in Beijing, China. Atmos Environ 191:320–327

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maio S, Baldacci S, Carrozzi L (2016) Respiratory symptoms/diseases prevalence is still increasing a 25-yr population study. Respir Med 110:58–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mar TF, Koenig JQ, Primomo J (2010) Associations between asthma emergency visits and particulate matter sources, including diesel emissions from stationary generators in Tacoma, Washington. Inhal Toxicol 22(6):445

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mehra S (2017) Estimating the impact of a select criteria pollutant (PM2.5) on childhood asthma in Florida. Scholarcommons.usf.edu

  • Mo Z, Peng L, Yang DD et al (2014) Impact of weather and pollution on the number of children with asthma in Shanghai. Chinese Health Stat 31(5):827–829

    Google Scholar 

  • Pan CL, Kuai WX (2017) The correlation study of atmospheric fine particles concentration and children with cough variant asthma. Anhui Med J 38(7):848–851

    Google Scholar 

  • Peng G, Yokoyama K, Suenaga M, Kida H (2008) Mortality and life expectancy of Yokkaichi asthma patients, Japan: late effects of air pollution in 1960–70s. Environ Health,7,1(2008-02-26) 7(1):8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Polezer G, Tadano YS, Siqueira HV, Godoi A, Yamamoto CI, De PA et al (2018) Assessing the impact of PM2.5 on respiratory disease using artificial neural networks. Environ Pollut 235:394–403

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Port AM, Hein JM, Wolff AM, Bielory LM (2006) Aeroallergen prevalence in the northern New Jersey-New York city metropolitan area: a 15-year summary. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 96(5):687–691

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Requia WJ, Adams MD, Koutrakis P (2017) Association of PM2.5 with diabetes, asthma, and high blood pressure incidence in Canada: a spatiotemporal analysis of the impacts of the energy generation and fuel sales. Sci Total Environ 98(2):1077

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Samet JM, Dominici F, Zeger SL (2000) The national morbidity, mortality, and air pollution study. Part I: methods and methodologic issues. Res Rep Health Eff Inst 94(2):5–14

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schlesinger RB (2007) The health impact of common inorganic components of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in ambient air: a critical review. Inhal Toxicol 19(10):811

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shanghai Medical Association Pediatric Professional Committee Respiratory Group (2014) Epidemiological survey of asthma in children aged 0–14 years in seven districts of Shanghai. Chin J Pediatr 52(1):17–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Shi L, Zanobetti A, Kloog I, Coull BA, Koutrakis P, Melly SJ et al (2016) Low-concentration PM2.5 and mortality: estimating acute and chronic effects in a population-based study. Environ Health Perspect 124(1):46–52

  • Song C, Pei T, Yao L (2015) Analysis of the characteristics and evolution modes of PM2.5 pollution episodes in Beijing, China during 2013. Int J Environ Res Public Health 12(2):1099

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spira-Cohen A, Chen LC, Kendall M et al (2009) Personal exposures to traffic-related particle pollution among children with asthma in the south Bronx, NY. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 20(5):446–456

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Torgerson DG, Ampleford EJ, Chiu GY, Gauderman WJ, Gignoux CR, Graves PE et al (2011) Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of asthma in ethnically diverse north American populations. Nat Genet 43(9):887–892

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang M, Zheng S, Wang S et al (2012) A time-series study on the relationship between gaseous air pollutants and daily hospitalization of respiratory disease in Lanzhou City. J Hyg Res 41(5):771–775

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang W, Mao FY, Du L et al (2017) Deriving hourly PM2.5 concentrations from Himawari-8 AODs over Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei in China. Remote Sens 9(8):858

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Winquist A, Kirrane E, Klein M, Strickland M, Darrow LA, Sarnat SE et al (2014) Joint effects of ambient air pollutants on pediatric asthma emergency department visits in Atlanta, 1998-2004. Epidemiology 25(5):666–673

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan D, Shen CL, Jiang ZH, Huang HT, Gao HM, Liu HY, Li HL, Zhang SN (2007) An investigation on the prevalence of asthma and its influence factors among school age children in Shanghai. Environ Occup Med 24(6):573–576

    Google Scholar 

  • Yun RS, Jin SU, Hong LY, Wei GZ (2002) Effects of environmental PM2.5 pollution on the morbidity of asthma and lung cancer. J Lab Med 23(4):367–378

    Google Scholar 

  • Zahran HS, Bailey CM, Qin X, Moorman JE (2014) Assessing asthma severity among children and adults with current asthma. J Asthma 51(6):610–617

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zang L, Mao FY, Guo JP et al (2018) Estimating hourly PM1 concentrations from Himawari-8 aerosol optical depth in China. Environ Pollut 241(2018):654–663

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zang L, Mao FY, Guo JP et al (2019) Estimation of spatiotemporal PM1.0 distributions in China by combining PM2.5 observations with satellite aerosol optical depth. Sci Total Environ 658(2019):1256–1264

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang N, Han B, He F, Xu J, Niu C, Zhou J et al (2015) Characterization, health risk of heavy metals, and source apportionment of atmospheric PM2.5, to children in summer and winter: an exposure panel study in Tianjin, China. Air Qual Atmos Health 8(4):1–11

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zou Y, Wu Y, Wang Y et al (2017) Physicochemical properties, in vitro cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of PM1.0 and PM2.5 from Shanghai, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24:19508–19516

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Professional Services for Meteorology, Environment and Public Health of the National Scientific Data Sharing Platform for Population and Health for providing data for this study.

Funding

This research is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant nos. 91744311 and 41561037) and Environmental Protection Agency foundation (Grant no. 2018-007). Part of this study is funded by a China Scholarship Council (CSC) scholarship that was awarded to Yuxia Ma (file no. 201308625022).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Yuxia Ma and Zhiang Yu contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Atmospheric Sciences, Key Laboratory of Semi-Arid Climate Change, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China

    Yuxia Ma, Zhiang Yu, Haoran Jiao, Yifan Zhang & Bingji Ma

  2. Tacheng Meteorological Bureau, Tacheng, 834700, China

    Fei Wang

  3. Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health in Shanghai, Shanghai, 200030, China

    Ji Zhou

Authors
  1. Yuxia Ma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhiang Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Haoran Jiao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yifan Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Bingji Ma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Fei Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Ji Zhou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yuxia Ma or Ji Zhou.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

ESM 1

(DOCX 17 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ma, Y., Yu, Z., Jiao, H. et al. Short-term effect of PM2.5 on pediatric asthma incidence in Shanghai, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 27832–27841 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05971-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05971-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation