Abstract
In this study, column leaching experiments were used to evaluate the leachability, distribution and bioavailability of phenanthrene and pyrene by root exudates from contaminated mangrove sediments. We observed that root exudates significantly promoted the release and enhanced the bioavailability of phenanthrene and pyrene from sediment columns. The concentration of phenanthrene and pyrene and cumulative content released from the analyzed sediment samples following root exudate rinsing decreased in the following order: citric acid > oxalic acid > malic acid. After elution, the total concentrations of phenanthrene and pyrene in sediment layers followed a descending order of bottom (9–12 cm) > middle (5–7 cm) > top (0–3 cm). Furthermore, a positive correlation between leachate pH values and PAH concentrations of the leachate was found. Consequently, the addition of root exudates can increase the leachability and bioavailability of phenanthrene and pyrene.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Important Scientific Research Programme of China (2013CB956504), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31370516, 31530008), and the “Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.” The authors thank Professor John Merefield of Exeter University for improving the language.
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Jia, H., Lu, H., Liu, J. et al. Effects of root exudates on the leachability, distribution, and bioavailability of phenanthrene and pyrene from mangrove sediments. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 5566–5576 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5772-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5772-0