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A comparative study on cephalometric differences in maxillofacial morphology between skeletal Class III cases with and without acromegaly: a pilot study

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Abstract

Objectives

The most typical maxillofacial feature of patients with acromegaly is mandibular protrusion. This study aimed to determine differences in maxillofacial morphology between skeletal Class III patients with and without acromegaly using cephalometric analysis.

Methods

Cephalograms of 37 patients with acromegaly (Acro), 37 age-matched non-acromegalic patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion (C-III), and 37 age-matched Class I malocclusion patients (C-I; control) were retrospectively collected. The skeletal and dental morphology of each group was analyzed using cephalometric analysis, which included linear and angular measurements and facial profilograms. In addition, we analyzed diagnostic performance and cutoff values for discriminating acromegaly from skeletal Class III malocclusion using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results

The mandibular ramus height was larger in the Acro group than in the other groups. The increase in L1/MP in the Acro group, which represented labial inclination of the mandibular central incisors, was the most characteristic feature in this study. ROC curve analysis indicated that a cutoff value of 88.4° for L1/MP had the highest diagnostic performance in discriminating acromegaly from non-acromegalic Class III malocclusion.

Conclusions

Acromegaly was characterized by a greater degree of bimaxillary prognathism than was non-acromegalic Class III malocclusion. Focusing on labial inclination of the mandibular central incisors would be the most useful way to differentiate acromegaly from non-acromegalic Class III malocclusion.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (No. 19H02194 and 20H03868).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Dental Informatics and Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan

    Atsushi Tanaka, Noriaki Shoji, Ikuho Kojima, Akira Kumasaka, Maya Sakamoto & Masahiro Iikubo

  2. Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan

    Kiyo Sasaki, Tomohiro Fukunaga & Itaru Mizoguchi

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan

    Teiji Tominaga

Authors
  1. Atsushi Tanaka
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  2. Noriaki Shoji
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  3. Ikuho Kojima
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  4. Akira Kumasaka
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  5. Maya Sakamoto
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  6. Kiyo Sasaki
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  7. Tomohiro Fukunaga
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  8. Itaru Mizoguchi
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  9. Teiji Tominaga
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  10. Masahiro Iikubo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Noriaki Shoji.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethics approval

All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and later versions. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry (No. 2018-3-37).

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained in the form of an opt-out option on the Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry website where information about the conduct of the study, including the research objectives, were published.

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Tanaka, A., Shoji, N., Kojima, I. et al. A comparative study on cephalometric differences in maxillofacial morphology between skeletal Class III cases with and without acromegaly: a pilot study. Oral Radiol 38, 224–233 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11282-021-00548-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11282-021-00548-0

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