Abstract
The major safety risk of maize grain is contamination with mycotoxins. In this study, a maize-coating formulation containing freeze-dried culture filtrate of Streptomyces philanthi RL-1-178 (DCF RL-1-178) was developed and evaluated to prevent the growth of mycotoxins during maize grain storage. In vitro studies using confrontation tests on PDA plates indicated that S. philanthi RL-1-178 inhibited the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus TISTR 3276 (89.0%) and A. flavus PSRDC-4 (95.0%). The maize grain coating formulations containing the DCF RL-1-178 (0, 5, 10, and 15% (v/v)) and the polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-K90, 4.0% (w/v)) were tested for their efficacy in In vitro and during 5 months storage. In In vitro assay, maize coating formular containing the optimum concentration (15.0%, v/v) of the DCF RL-1-178 exhibited 54.80% and 54.17% inhibition on the growth of A. parasiticus TISTR 3276 and A. flavus PSRDC-4 respectively. The inhibition was also illustrated by the microstructures of interactions between the coated maize grains with or without the DCF RL-1-178 and the fungal pathogens observed under microscope and SEM. Incorporating the DCF RL-1-178 or fungicidal Metalaxyl® into the polymer PVP-K90 maize grains coating resulted in the complete inhibition of the production of aflatoxin B1 (analysed by HPLC) by the two aflatoxigenic pathogens after 5 months storage at room temperature. However, the shelf-life was shortened to only 3 months during storage at room temperature with 90% relative humidity. Overall, the application of the 10–15% DCF RL-1-178 into the maize grain coating formular provides a new alternative measure to control the mycotoxins during storage for at least 5 months. The In vitro cell cytotoxicity study showed that a concentration of 15% (v/v) or 1000 μg/mL of the DCF RL-1-178 had a strong cytotoxic effect on Vero cells. These findings indicate that DCF RL-1-178 is a potential biofungicide for controlling mycotoxins contamination in maize seed storage for planting, but not maize grain storage for animal feed.
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This research work was financially supported by the Agricultural Research Development Agency (Public Organization) (PRP6405030400) and Thailand Research Fund (RTA6080010).
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SB: conceptualization, data curation, supervision, formal analysis, funding acquisition, investigation, methodology, writing—original draft, writing—review & editing. PM: conceptualization, investigation, formal analysis. WP: writing—review & editing. SS: writing—review & editing. SS: investigation, Writing—review & editing. JC: investigation, writing—review & editing. PP: funding acquisition, writing—original draft, writing, writing—review & editing.
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Boukaew, S., Mahasawat, P., petlamul, W. et al. Application of antifungal metabolites from Streptomyces philanthi RL-1-178 for maize grain coating formulations and their efficacy as biofungicide during storage. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 39, 157 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-023-03604-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-023-03604-5