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Toxicity of Cu and Cr Nanoparticles to Daphnia magna

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Abstract

Little is known about the potential toxicity of Cu nanoparticles (nCu), Cr nanoparticles (nCr), and their mixtures to aquatic organisms. To fill this gap, a comprehensive toxicity assessment was conducted using Daphnia magna as a test organism, including a 48-h acute toxicity test, a 21-day chronic test, and a feeding experiment. Four biomarkers were estimated after exposure to nCu, nCr, and their mixtures for 7 days, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione S-transferase (GST). The results at all endpoints showed that nCu was more toxic than nCr. The 48-h median lethal concentration values of nCu and nCr were 0.63 and 1.57 mg/L, respectively. Significant inhibition of reproduction and growth of D. magna was found, and the intrinsic rate of natural increase was a sensitive parameter for nCu and nCr during the 21-day exposure. A concentration-dependent decrease in filtration and ingestion was observed which was consistent with inhibition of reproduction and growth of D. magna. The biochemical responses revealed an increase in GST activity and decrease in AChE activity, while SOD and CAT activities were increased at low concentrations and decreased at high concentrations for all exposures. Collectively, our results confirmed that nanoscale Cu and Cr can exert negative effects at different levels on D. magna.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant 51609066), the National Science Funds for Creative Research Groups of China (grant 51421006), the Support Program for the Yarlung Zangbo Scholars of XiZang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College (grant 2015XYA01), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant 2016B43914).

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  1. Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China

    Guanghua Lu, Haohan Yang, Jun Xia & Jianchao Liu

  2. College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xi Zang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, China

    Guanghua Lu & Yongchen Zong

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  1. Guanghua Lu
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Lu, G., Yang, H., Xia, J. et al. Toxicity of Cu and Cr Nanoparticles to Daphnia magna . Water Air Soil Pollut 228, 18 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-016-3206-3

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