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The minimal sequence essential for replication and movement of Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite DNA by a helper virus in plant cells

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Abstract

Betasatellites are single-stranded circular DNAs associated with a number of monopartite begomoviruses. Betasatellites rely on the helper begomoviruses for replication and movement in plant tissues and plant-to-plant transmission by vectors. Their genomes are approximately half the size of the helper viruses and consist of three main regions including the βC1 gene, an adenine-rich (A-rich) region, and the satellite conserved region (SCR). In this study, we investigated the minimal sequences required for Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB) replication and movement. Mutational analysis of CLCuMB DNA genome indicated that βC1 gene and A-rich region were not required for trans-replication and movement of CLCuMB in host plants by a helper virus. Deletion of βC1 gene and a fragment (135 nt in length) upstream of this gene impaired CLCuMB replication. However, CLCuMB mutant with deletion of βC1 gene and a further 163 nucleotides replicated at a lower level as compared to the wild-type betasatellite. This suggests that there are essential elements in the fragment upstream of βC1 gene, which are required for the replication of CLCuMB rather than the size limitation of CLCuMB DNA.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Professor John W. Randles (The University of Adelaide) for his scientific supports and Dr Jake Dunlevy (CSIRO Plant Industry, SA) for reading and editing the manuscript. We also thank Dr Rob W Briddon for the gift of the CLCuMB clone.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

    Omid Eini

  2. Plant Virology Research Center, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

    S. A. Akbar Behjatnia

Authors
  1. Omid Eini
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  2. S. A. Akbar Behjatnia
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Correspondence to Omid Eini.

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Conflict of interest

First author has received research grants from the University of Zanjan (ZNU1394-3) and the second author has received a speaker honorarium from Shiraz University. Both authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. The authors of this manuscript had no financial or personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence the contents of this manuscript.

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This research was only on plant viruses and there were no studies with human participants or animals by any of the authors.

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Edited by Thomas Hohn.

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Eini, O., Behjatnia, S.A.A. The minimal sequence essential for replication and movement of Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite DNA by a helper virus in plant cells. Virus Genes 52, 679–687 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-016-1354-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-016-1354-6

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