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Voltammetric Quantification of D-penicillamine by Using a Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with WO3 Nanorods and Ionic Liquid as an Efficient Electrochemical Sensing Platform

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Abstract

In this work, the electrochemical behavior and sensitive voltammetric determination of D-penicillamine are described by using a carbon paste electrode modified with WO3 nanorods and ionic liquid. The as-synthesized WO3 nanorods were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetric measurements showed that D-penicillamine was irreversibly oxidized at WO3 nanorods/ionic liquid/carbon paste electrode at 710 mV in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solution. The peak current of D-penicillamine was increased approximately 6.2 fold at WO3 nanorods/ionic liquid/carbon paste electrode compared to unmodified carbon paste electrode due to a good electrocatalytic efficiency of WO3 nanorods and ionic liquid. A wide linear range response between oxidation peak current and D-penicillamine concentration (0.08–235.0 µM) was observed using differential pulse voltammetry. The limit of detection for D-penicillamine on WO3 nanorods/ionic liquid/carbon paste electrode is found to be 0.03 µM. Studies conducted in the analysis of D-penicillamine capsule and urine samples confirmed that the developed sensor exhibits good applicability for accurate and sensitive voltammetric determination of D-penicillamine in real samples.

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  1. Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Somayeh Tajik

  2. School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran

    Peyman Mohammadzadeh Jahani

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  1. Somayeh Tajik
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Tajik, S., Jahani, P.M. Voltammetric Quantification of D-penicillamine by Using a Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with WO3 Nanorods and Ionic Liquid as an Efficient Electrochemical Sensing Platform. Top Catal 67, 853–863 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-023-01874-9

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