Abstract
Rhodiola imbricata is a rare and endangered plant of the Trans-Himalayan region having important medicinal properties. It holds immense therapeutic value against a wide range of diseases and health problems including hypoxia, cancer, stress, anxiety, fatigue, and gastrointestinal problems. The plant which is normally propagated through seeds suffers from drawbacks such as limited seed availability, low seed viability, and germination, limited geographical distribution, slow growth, and slow accumulation of secondary metabolites. Owing to the growing demand for this plant, a novel, highly efficient liquid culture system using meta-Topolin (mT) was developed for its rapid multiplication and continuous production of important bioactive compounds. A comparative analysis was conducted to evaluate the response of shoot multiplication, rooting, and secondary metabolite content in the solid and liquid culture media. In vitro seedlings were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) (1962) medium supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinins. Among the tested cytokinins, the maximum number of shoots were observed in 20 mL of liquid MS medium supplemented with mT (5.0 µM). While Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (10.0 µM) exhibited the highest rooting response (95%). Mass propagation of microshoots was achieved using a specialized box, resulting in an improved survival rate of 85% during the subsequent hardening process. The secondary metabolite content, including rosavin, salidroside, tyrosol, total polyphenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant properties were estimated for shoots grown in both agar-gelled solid and liquid culture media. Overall, liquid MS medium supplemented with mT (5.0 µM) was found to be the optimum medium for secondary metabolites production in comparison to solid medium. Further, the genetic and phytochemical stability of the prolong culture of this plant under in vitro conditions were confirmed. This system facilitates large scale production of in vitro plants as well as secondary metabolites throughout the year, which is crucial for various industrial applications.
Key message
Rhodiola imbricata is an important, rare and endangered medicinal plant. A novel and efficient protocol for improved shoot proliferation and secondary metabolite production was developed using meta-Topolin and liquid culture.
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Data availability
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article or are available from the corresponding author on a reasonable request.
Abbreviations
- µg/ml:
-
Microgram per millilitre
- ABTS:
-
2, 2-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline)
- ANOVA:
-
Analysis of Variance
- BAP:
-
N6-benzyladenine
- DMRT:
-
Duncan’s new multiple range test
- DPPH:
-
2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl
- DW:
-
Dry weight
- EtBr:
-
Ethidium bromide
- FW:
-
Fresh weight
- g:
-
gram
- IAA:
-
Indole -3-acetic acid
- IBA:
-
Indole-3-butyric acid
- ISSR:
-
Inter simple sequence repeats
- KN:
-
Kinetin
- mg/l:
-
Milligram per litre
- ml/min:
-
Millilitre per minute
- MS:
-
Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium
- mT:
-
meta-Topolin
- NAA:
-
α-Naphthalene acetic acid
- PCR:
-
Polymerase chain reaction
- PPFD:
-
Photosynthetic photon flux density
- RAPD:
-
Random amplified polymorphic DNA
- SCoT:
-
Start codon targeted
- v/v:
-
Volume by volume
- w/v:
-
Weight by volume
- HPLC:
-
High performance liquid chromatography
- TPC:
-
Total polyphenolic content
- TDZ:
-
Thidiazuron
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Financial assistance from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Government of India is duly acknowledged. Authors thankfully acknowledge Rashtriya Uchchattar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA-II) for providing financial support to the Centre for Agricultural Research and Innovation (CARI), Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab. DD is grateful to the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Government of India for the award of CSIR-SRF [File No. 09/254(0286)/2018-EMR-I]. SB is thankful for the fellowship received under Dr. D.S. Kothari Post-Doctoral Fellowship (DSKPDF) scheme by the University Grants Commission (UGC) [F.4-2/2006 (BSR)/20-21/0380].
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DD: investigation, execution of the work, data analysis, paper writing, and editing. SB: data analysis, paper writing, and editing. AKJ and VK: review and editing. PKP: conceptualization, experimental design and supervision.
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Dolker, D., Behera, S., Justine, A.K. et al. Production of large-scale genetically identical and phytochemically stable in vitro plants of Rhodiola imbricata using meta-Topolin and liquid culture system. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 156, 18 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-023-02640-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-023-02640-1