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The aromatic cytokinin meta-topolin promotes in vitro propagation, shoot quality and micrografting in Corylus colurna L.

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Abstract

The role of 4.1 or 8.2 μM meta-topolin (mT) on shoot multiplication, rooting and ex vitro acclimatization of micropropagated Corylus colurna L., a promising non-suckering rootstock for hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.), was examined in comparison to N6-benzyladenine (BA), the most used cytokinin in tissue culture of Corylus spp. The influence of 8.2 μM mT and BA on photosynthetic pigments content and antioxidant enzymes activity, catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD), in regenerated shoots, and on the preparation of the rootstock for micrografting was also evaluated. The highest shoot multiplication was recorded on medium containing 8.2 μM mT and an overall positive effect of mT on growth and quality of micropropagated shoots was found. The highest chlorophyll a content (1.236 mg g−1 fresh weight, FW) and chlorophyll a/b ratio (2.48), and the lowest total carotenoids content (0.292 mg g−1 FW) and CAT activity (25.8 μmol min−1 mg−1 protein) were detected after 8.2 μM mT application, while no significant differences were found in chlorophyll b content and POD activity between the two cytokinins. The best rhizogenesis response (98% for 4.1 μM and 100% for 8.2 μM mT) and ex vitro acclimatization competence (higher than 78%) were exhibited from shoots multiplied on mT. Furthermore, the multiplication of rootstock on mT allowed obtaining the highest (70%) response of successful micrografting. The present findings provide the first evidence of the successful applicability of mT in C. colurna tissue culture and development of micrografted plantlets.

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Abbreviations

BA:

N6-Benzyladenine

CAT:

Catalase

CKs:

Cytokinins

CKX:

Cytokinin oxidases/dehydrogenases

DKW:

Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut

GA3 :

Gibberellic acid

POD:

Guaiacol peroxidase

IBA:

Indole-3-butyric acid

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

mT:

Meta-Topolin

NAA:

α-Naphthalene acetic acid

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Elisa Catenaro for the technical assistance in in vitro C. colurna L. cultures. This work was supported by the Italian Agricultural Ministry (“VIVACO” Project).

Author contributions

AG and AF executed tissue culture experiments and collected the data. PN planned and executed the physiological analyses. ECondello executed the histological analysis. AG and EC planned the experiments, performed data analysis, wrote and edited the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Council for Agricultural Research and Analysis of Agricultural Economics (CREA), Fruit tree Research Center, via di Fioranello, 52-00134, Rome, Italy

    A. Gentile, A. Frattarelli, P. Nota, E. Condello & E. Caboni

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  1. A. Gentile
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  2. A. Frattarelli
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  3. P. Nota
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  4. E. Condello
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  5. E. Caboni
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Correspondence to E. Caboni.

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Gentile, A., Frattarelli, A., Nota, P. et al. The aromatic cytokinin meta-topolin promotes in vitro propagation, shoot quality and micrografting in Corylus colurna L.. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 128, 693–703 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-016-1150-y

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