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Identification of Novel -Glucosidase Inhibitors from Syzygium jambos (L.) Using Spectroscopy and Molecular Docking

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Abstract

Fruits of Syzygium jambos (L.) are recognized as a “food”, exhibiting significant antidiabetic activities. However, the α-glucosidase inhibition of the components from Syzygium jambos (L.) have not yet been investigated. In this study, a total of 14 compounds were isolated from Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston, eight of which showed significant inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase, with IC50 values in the range of 0.011–0.665 mM. Notably, compounds 1–3 (IC50: 0.013, 0.011 and 0.030 mM, respectively) exhibited much stronger activity than acarbose (IC50: 2.329 ± 0.109 mM). The enzyme kinetics study indicated that compound 1 was an uncompetitive inhibitor, and compounds 2–8 were mixed-type inhibitors. Moreover, the interactions between compounds and α-glucosidase were investigated by molecular docking, which further revealed that the number of olefin double bonds and 2-COOH of heptadeca-phenols had a notable effect on the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. This study demonstrated that Syzygium jambos (L.) fruit might serve as a functional food for the prevention of diabetes mellitus.

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Data Availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article and its supplementary information files.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31900293).

Funding

This work was funded by Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province (2022NSFSC0109), Sichuan Science and Technology Program (2022YFS0624), the Open Project of Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University (ARRLKF20-04), Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Administration (2023zd008).

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Author notes

  1. Yao Jiang and Feifei Liu These authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China

    Yao Jiang, Dan Zhang, Xiujuan Fu, Siwei Chen, Hui Lei & Hong Niu

  2. School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China

    Feifei Liu

  3. The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China

    Mei Wei & Zhi Li

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  1. Yao Jiang
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. YJ: conducted the experiment, wrote the manuscript draft. DZ: Performed α-glycosidase inhibitory activities, data analysis. FFL: Performed HRESIMS data analysis. LH: Contributed to NMR spectra data analysis, read and approve the manuscript. XJF: IR spectrometer data analysis. NH: Performed molecular docking. SWC: Contributed to bioassay experiments. MW: Performed the revise of the manuscript. ZL: Contributed to read and revise the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zhi Li, Hui Lei or Hong Niu.

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Jiang, Y., Liu, F., Zhang, D. et al. Identification of Novel -Glucosidase Inhibitors from Syzygium jambos (L.) Using Spectroscopy and Molecular Docking. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 79, 73–82 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-023-01123-0

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