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Glycinebetaine mitigated the photoinhibition of photosystem II at high temperature in transgenic tomato plants

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Abstract

Photosystem II (PSII), especially the D1 protein, is highly sensitive to the detrimental impact of heat stress. Photoinhibition always occurs when the rate of photodamage exceeds the rate of D1 protein repair. Here, genetically engineered codA-tomato with the capability to accumulate glycinebetaine (GB) was established. After photoinhibition treatment at high temperature, the transgenic lines displayed more thermotolerance to heat-induced photoinhibition than the control line. GB maintained high expression of LeFtsHs and LeDegs and degraded the damaged D1 protein in time. Meanwhile, the increased transcription of synthesis-related genes accelerated the de novo synthesis of D1 protein. Low ROS accumulation reduced the inhibition of D1 protein translation in the transgenic plants, thereby reducing protein damage. The increased D1 protein content and decreased phosphorylated D1 protein (pD1) in the transgenic plants compared with control plants imply that GB may minimize photodamage and maximize D1 protein stability. As D1 protein exhibits a high turnover, PSII maybe repaired rapidly and efficiently in transgenic plants under photoinhibition treatment at high temperature, with the resultant mitigation of photoinhibition of PSII.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31870216, 31470341), the research in Prof. Chen’s laboratory was supported by the Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station.

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Author notes

  1. Daxing Li, Mengwei Wang and Tianpeng Zhang shares co-first authorship.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China

    Daxing Li, Mengwei Wang, Tianpeng Zhang, Xiao Chen, Chongyang Li, Yang Liu & Xinghong Yang

  2. Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA

    Tony H. H. Chen

  3. Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia

    Marian Brestic

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  1. Daxing Li
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  2. Mengwei Wang
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  4. Xiao Chen
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  5. Chongyang Li
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  6. Yang Liu
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  8. Tony H. H. Chen
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Contributions

XY and TC designed the experiments. DL performed the experiments with the help of MW and TZ Other authors assisted in experiments and discussed the results. DL and XY wrote the manuscript. MB and YL gave positive suggestion about this article. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xinghong Yang.

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Li, D., Wang, M., Zhang, T. et al. Glycinebetaine mitigated the photoinhibition of photosystem II at high temperature in transgenic tomato plants. Photosynth Res 147, 301–315 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-020-00810-2

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