Abstract
To analyze the physiological mechanisms underlying the increased tolerance to drought and high temperature stress combination by overproduction of glycinebetaine (GB) in wheat, a transgenic wheat line T6 and its wild-type (WT) Shi4185 were used. The transgenic line was generated by introducing a gene encoding betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) into a wheat line Shi4185. The gene was cloned from Garden Orache (Atriplex hortensis L.). Wheat plants were exposed to drought (withholding irrigation), high temperature stress (40 °C), and their combination at the flowering stage. Analyses of oxygen-evolving activity and photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry, modulated chlorophyll fluorescence, rapid fluorescence induction kinetics, and the polyphasic fluorescence transients (OJIP) were used to evaluate PSII photochemistry in wheat plants. The results suggest that the PSII in transgenic plants showed higher resistance than that in wild-type plants under the stresses studied here, this increased tolerance was associated with an improvement in stability of the oxygen-evolving complex and the reaction center of PSII; streptomycin treatment can impair the protective effect of overaccumulated GB on PSII. The overaccumulated GB may protect the PSII complex from damage through accelerating D1 protein turnover to alleviate photodamage. The results also suggest that the PSII under combined high temperature and drought stress shows higher tolerance than under high temperature stress alone in both transgenic and wild-type plants.
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Abbreviations
- Chl:
-
Chlorophyll
- WW:
-
Well-watered
- DS:
-
Drought-stressed
- DS + HS:
-
Combination of drought- and high-temperature-stressed
- HS:
-
High-temperature-stressed
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- RWC:
-
Relative water content
- SPM:
-
Streptomycin sulfate
- Φ PSII :
-
Actual efficiency of PSII photochemistry
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Prof. S. Y. Chen (Institute of Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China) for her kindly presentation of the transgenic wheat lines to us. This study is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30671259), Institution of Science and Technology of Shandong Province in China (No. 2006JY 06-5) and Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (No. ZR2011CM034).
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Communicated by M. Garstka.
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Wang, GP., Tian, FX., Zhang, M. et al. The overaccumulation of glycinebetaine alleviated damages to PSII of wheat flag leaves under drought and high temperature stress combination. Acta Physiol Plant 36, 2743–2753 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-014-1645-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-014-1645-2