Abstract
Background and aims
Litter input plays an important role in maintaining soil phosphorus (P) availability in terrestrial ecosystems. Moreover, nitrogen (N) deposition can alter litter accumulation and decomposition and, consequently, soil P availability. However, the combined effects of N and litter addition on soil P availability remain unclear.
Methods
We examined how N addition (0 and 10 g N m−2 yr−1) and litter manipulation (initial litter, litter removal and litter addition) affected the seasonal dynamics of soil P availability in an 11-year grassland experiment.
Results
During the mid-growing season, N addition significantly increased soil available P but decreased soil total P, while litter addition increased soil total P. At the end of the growing season, litter addition increased soil available P, while N addition increased soil total P. Structural equation modelling (SEM) revealed that N addition increased soil available P by increasing aboveground biomass and decreasing soil pH during the mid-growing season. At the end of the growing season, litter addition increased soil available P by enhancing microbial biomass P.
Conclusion
Our findings suggested that N and litter addition increased soil P availability from the middle to the end of the growing season. Moreover, the positive effects of litter on soil available and total P under N addition at the end of the growing season indicated that grassland management that reduce litter accumulation, such as grazing and mowing, may decrease the soil P supply under increased N deposition.
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Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
Authors thank Cunting Zhang, Xuwen Wang, He Wang, Siying Tan, Siyuan Ding and Xin Li for technical assistance during soil sampling and sample analysis. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32171540, 31971744, 31770520); the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020030030); and the Program for Introducing Talents to Universities (B16011).
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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32171540, 31971744, 31770520); the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020030030); and the Program for Introducing Talents to Universities (B16011).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Conceptualization: Yifan Zhang, Jushan Liu and Deli Wang. Methodology: Yifan Zhang, Zhenbiao Ma, Xinyang Li, Jinfeng Wu, Zimeng Li, Zhanbo Yang, Shicheng Jiang, Xiuquan Yue and Yanan Li. Formal analysis and investigation: Yifan Zhang, Deli Wang and Jushan Liu. Writing—original draft preparation: Yifan Zhang and Jushan Liu. Writing—review and editing: all authors. Funding acquisition: Jushan Liu and Deli Wang. Supervision: Jushan Liu. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Zhang, Y., Ma, Z., Li, X. et al. Soil phosphorus availability is enhanced by nitrogen and litter addition during the growing season. Plant Soil (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-06660-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-06660-4