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Plant succession and geo-topography determined forest soil P and nine fraction-Ps across a larch forest chronosequence in the northmost region of China

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Abstract

Aim

Phosphorus (P) is vital for ecosystem functioning, but how boreal forest succession affects soil P is not yet well defined.

Method

We collected 134 soil samples from ten plant succession stages of climax vegetation of larch forests in the Greater Khingan Mts., northeast China, and measured soil total P (TP) and nine fraction-Ps, together with detailed records of trees, shrubs, herbs diversity, and geo-topographical conditions.

Results

Our results showed that TP and nine fraction-Ps declined non-linearly in the chronosequence in concentration, and three organic fractions (NaHCO3-Po, NaOH-Po, and conc.HCl-Po) showed a similar non-linear decrease. The stoichiometric percent of Pi, conc.HCl-Pi and NaOH-Pi linearly increased (R2 = 0.81–0.92), and Po, NaOH-Po, and Re-P decreased linearly (R2 = 0.59–0.61). Partial ordination excluding geo-climatic impacts (30.8%) could identify the exact association between plant succession and P changes. The negative relations between tree diversity, biomass and organic fraction-Ps showed that P storage in tree biomass was responsible for soil P declines during plant succession, and tree diversity accelerated these P changes. In contrast, the significantly higher soil P in the grass stage was due to P’s grass-upload function to surface soils.

Conclusion

Our data highlighted that soil P was depleted, with a higher Pi proportion during plant succession in high-latitude boreal forests, favoring precise soil P management and evaluation of these forests.

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Data Availability

Our data underlying this article will be made available on request.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by funding from China’s National Foundation of Natural Sciences (41730641), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2572021DT03), and the Project from Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2016YFA0602304-2). We are also grateful to Zhaoliang Zhong, Hongju Du, and Jianyu Zhang for their valuable assistance in field surveys.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130102, Changchun, China

    Xudong Cao, Chenhui Wei, Lu Xiao, Peng Zhang, Xingyuan He & Wenjie Wang

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China

    Xudong Cao, Chenhui Wei, Lu Xiao, Peng Zhang & Xingyuan He

  3. Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology (MOE), College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 150006, Harbin, China

    Qianru Ji & Wenjie Wang

  4. College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China

    Rong Mao

  5. Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 110016, Shenyang, China

    Xingyuan He

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  1. Xudong Cao
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Contributions

Wenjie Wang conceived and designed the experiments. Qianru Ji, Chenhui Wei, and Lu Xiao collected soil samples. Xudong Cao performed the experiments. Xudong Cao, and Peng Zhang analyzed the data. Wenjie Wang, and Xudong Cao wrote the paper. Xingyuan He supervised the experiment. Miao Rong revised the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xingyuan He or Wenjie Wang.

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Cao, X., Ji, Q., Wei, C. et al. Plant succession and geo-topography determined forest soil P and nine fraction-Ps across a larch forest chronosequence in the northmost region of China. Plant Soil 486, 681–703 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-05900-3

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