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Spatiotemporal variations in drought and waterlogging and their effects on maize yields at different growth stages in Jilin Province, China

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Abstract

Jilin Province is one of the important grain-producing regions in China, the frequent drought and waterlogging events in this region have seriously impacted local agricultural production, therefore, it is particularly necessary to explore the spatiotemporal variations in drought and waterlogging and how they effect on maize yields. In this paper, we use the daily meteorological data recorded at 27 meteorological stations in Jilin Province from 1961 to 2020 to calculate the modified crop water deficit index (mCWDI), which were based on the daily crop coefficient (Kc) corresponding to different growth stages for each station. The spatiotemporal evolution processes of drought and waterlogging during the growing season in Jilin Province were analysed by the linear regression model, and the impacts of drought and waterlogging conditions on maize yields in Jilin Province under different growing seasons were quantified by means of the correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis methods. The results showed that the effective precipitation during the whole reproductive period showed a spatial distribution pattern of decreasing from southeast to northwest, with precipitation totals ranging from 335.02 to 677.38 mm, while the spatial distribution of the water demand showed the opposite trend. The south-eastern region of Jilin Province was in a state of water surplus, while the precipitation in other areas could not meet the water requirements of maize, resulting in decreasing drought frequency trends from northwest to southeast and from the early stage to the developmental stage of maize; in addition, increasing trends were observed in the middle and late reproductive stages of maize. The waterlogging frequency in the south-eastern region showed the spatial distribution characteristics of being higher in the early and late reproductive periods and lower in the development period of maize, and the growth rate of the maize-waterlogging frequency was higher in central Jilin Province than in other areas. Moreover, drought showed a more significant negative correlation with the maize yield in Jilin Province, while waterlogging showed a positive correlation. The relative importance results show that drought has a greater impact on maize yields than waterlogging, and the impacts of drought and waterlogging events on maize yields are mainly concentrated in the middle and late growth periods. The findings could inform the development of contingency plans for farmers to minimize crop losses and ensure food security in the region.

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Acknowledgements

The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41807507), the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China (72004017), the Innovative Teams of Studying Environmental Evolution and Disaster Emergency Management of Chifeng University in China (cfxykycxtd202006).

Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 41807507), the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China (grant number 72004017), the Innovative Teams of Studying Environmental Evolution and Disaster Emergency Management of Chifeng University in China (grant number cfxykycxtd202006).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of National Land Space Planning and Disaster Emergency Management of Inner Mongolia, Chifeng University, Chifeng, 024000, People’s Republic of China

    Cailin Wang, Buren Jirigala & Ye Zhang

  2. College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, No 81, Zhao Wu Da Road, Hohhot, 010022, People’s Republic of China

    Enliang Guo, Yongfang Wang & Yao Kang

  3. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Disaster and Ecological Security on the Mongolian Plateau, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, People’s Republic of China

    Enliang Guo, Yongfang Wang, Buren Jirigala & Yao Kang

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  1. Cailin Wang
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Correspondence to Enliang Guo.

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Wang, C., Guo, E., Wang, Y. et al. Spatiotemporal variations in drought and waterlogging and their effects on maize yields at different growth stages in Jilin Province, China. Nat Hazards 118, 155–180 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-023-05996-x

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