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Bio-inspired construction of hydrophobic, bio-based and halogen-free flame-retardant strategy for silicone rubber

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Abstract

Owing to the unsustainability of traditional petroleum-based char-forming agents, cyclodextrin (CD) as the bio-based polyhydroxy compounds has been employed to construct the intumescent flame-retardant system with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) for flammable and fire-hazardous silicone rubber (SR). On the basis of this, the poor compatibility and water resistance of SR composites have been improved by separately introducing the bio-inspired hydrophobic structure for CD and APP. The results have implied that limiting oxygen index (LOI) and vertical combustion of SR composites with 40 phr total fillers loadings could reach 30.7% and UL-94 V-0 rating. Moreover, the water soaking tests have verified that the flame retardancy of SR composites could be maintained under hot aqueous medium. Based on thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the reason for elevated flame retardancy of SR composites can be interpreted by good thermal stability and char-forming ability via the interaction of modified APP and CD. With the aid of analyzing combustion residues in details, the synergistic flame-retardant mechanism can be mainly elaborated as the gas phase dilution of inert gases and the condensed phase barrier of dense expanded carbon layer. Furthermore, the retained mechanical properties of SR composites via hydrophobic modification are beneficial to improve its application value. Thus, this paper has open up a novel, green and effective route for overcoming the crucial flame retardancy problem of SR materials in real-life applications.

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Funding

The work was funded from National Natural Science Foundation of China, China (grant number 52005050), Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, China (grant number 20201105), Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Province, China (grant number YDZJ202201ZYTS334) and Science and Technology Research Project of Education Department of Jilin Province, China (grant number JJKH20220679KJ).

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  1. School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, 130012, People’s Republic of China

    Xinying Su, Weihong Chai, Yurou Xia, Meihuan Gao, Yingge Li, Zhenlin Tang, Ziyang Zhang, Zhishuang Han & Zaihang Zheng

  2. Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, People’s Republic of China

    Zaihang Zheng

  3. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, People’s Republic of China

    Zaihang Zheng

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  1. Xinying Su
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Su, X., Chai, W., Xia, Y. et al. Bio-inspired construction of hydrophobic, bio-based and halogen-free flame-retardant strategy for silicone rubber. J Therm Anal Calorim 148, 9857–9874 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-023-12371-2

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