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Numerical study of mixed convection heat transfer inside a vertical microchannel with two-phase approach

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Abstract

The current study investigates the laminar and two-phase nanofluid flow inside a two-dimensional rectangular microchannel with the ratio of length to height of L/H = 120. This study is simulated by using finite volume method in two-dimensional coordinates. Because most of the miniature equipments are affected by the oscillating heat flux, we try to study the hydrodynamical behavior of flow and heat transfer with oscillating heat flux boundary condition. The present research has been carried out in Reynolds numbers of 150–1000 and Ag nanoparticles volume fractions of 0–4% by applying slip and no-slip boundary conditions. Also, in order to estimate the heat transfer behavior and the computational fluid dynamics, two-phase mixture method is employed. The obtained results are analyzed and presented as the contours of Nusselt number, friction coefficient, pressure drop, thermal resistance and temperature. The results also revealed that, applying slip boundary condition on microchannel walls and the enhancement of fluid velocity, Grashof number and volume fraction of nanoparticles cause the improvement of Nusselt number, reduction of thermal resistance and total entropy generation and the augmentation of pressure drop. According to the obtained results, the presence of oscillating heat flux affects the changes of Nusselt number, significantly. In comparison with the pure water fluid with Reynolds numbers of 1000, 700 and 400, in Grashof number of 1000 with no-slip boundary condition on microchannel walls, the enhancement of average Nusselt number in volume fraction of 4% in the same Reynolds numbers is 45%. Also, in mentioned conditions, the pressure drop increases almost 2.8 times further.

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Abbreviations

A :

Area (m2)

B = β/H :

Dimensionless slip velocity

C f :

Skin friction factor

C p :

Heat capacity (J kg−1 K−1)

H :

Microchannel height (μm)

k :

Thermal conductivity coefficient (W m−1 K−1)

L :

Microchannel length (μm)

g :

Gravity acceleration (m s−2)

Nu :

Nusselt number

P :

Fluid pressure (Pa)

s :

Entropy (J kg−1 K−1)

Pr = υ f/α f :

Prandtl number

q″(X):

Oscillating heat flux (W m−2)

q″0 :

Constant heat flux (W m−2)

R :

Thermal resistance (m K W−1)

Re = ρ m u c d/μ m :

Reynolds number

T :

Temperature (K)

\(X = \frac{x}{H} = \bar{x},\,\,Y = \frac{y}{H} = \bar{y}\) :

Cartesian dimensionless coordinates

u, v :

Velocity components in x, y directions (m s−1)

u c :

Inlet velocity in x directions (m s−1)

u s :

Brownian motion velocity (m s−1)

T :

Silicon layer thickness (μm)

β :

Slip velocity coefficient (m)

φ :

Nanoparticles volume fraction

μ :

Dynamic viscosity (Pa s)

θ = (T − T C)/ΔT :

Dimensionless temperature

ρ :

Density (kg m−3)

τ :

Shear stress (N m−2)

υ :

Kinematics viscosity (m2 s−1)

Ave:

Average

c:

Cold

Eff:

Effective

f:

Base fluid (pure water)

H:

Hot

In:

Inlet

Max:

Maximum

Min:

Minimum

nf:

Nanofluid

Out:

Outlet

S:

Solid nanoparticles

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran

    Mohammad Reza Tavakoli, Omid Ali Akbari, Anoushiravan Mohammadian, Erfan Khodabandeh & Farzad Pourfattah

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  1. Mohammad Reza Tavakoli
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  2. Omid Ali Akbari
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  3. Anoushiravan Mohammadian
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  4. Erfan Khodabandeh
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  5. Farzad Pourfattah
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Correspondence to Mohammad Reza Tavakoli.

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Tavakoli, M.R., Ali Akbari, O., Mohammadian, A. et al. Numerical study of mixed convection heat transfer inside a vertical microchannel with two-phase approach. J Therm Anal Calorim 135, 1119–1134 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7460-z

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