Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Thermal transformations up to 1200 °C of Al-pillared montmorillonite precursors prepared by different OH–Al polymers

  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Aluminum-pillared montmorillonites are useful materials for their application as catalysts, adsorbents and ceramic composites. The precursor is a pillared montmorillonite that is not thermally stabilized. The precursor preparation methods, textural properties and catalytic activity have been extensively investigated, but comparatively, studies concerning their thermal transformations at high temperature are limited. In this work, precursors were prepared using two types of montmorillonites, Cheto (Ch) and Wyoming (W), and using two different OH–Al polymer sources: hydrolyzed (H) and commercial (C) solutions. Structural and thermal transformations of the precursors with heating up to 1200 °C were determined by X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. Thermal analysis of these precursors below 600 °C revealed the influence of OH–Al polymers from the two solutions. The major phases developed at 1200 °C from the original montmorillonites were mullite for W and cordierite for Ch. The content of these phases depended on the aluminum in the octahedral sheet of the pristine montmorillonites. Amorphous phase, cristobalite, spinel, sapphirine and others phases were also found. The intercalation of OH–Al polymers in montmorillonites caused an increase in amorphous content after treatment at 1030 °C; however, it favored mullite development above 1100 °C. Although total aluminum content of both W and Ch precursors was similar, the transformation to mullite was directly related to the octahedral aluminum/magnesium ratio. The phase composition of the products at 1200 °C was not dependent on the type of intercalated OH–Al polymers. The increase in mullite content of the thermally treated precursors contributes to its possible application as advanced ceramic products.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Vaughan DEW, Lussier RJ. Preparation of molecular sieves based on pillared interlayered clays (PILC). In: Rees LVC, editor. Proceedings of 5th international conference on zeolites. London: Heyden Press; 1980. p. 94–101.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Vicente M, Bañares-Muñoz M, Gandía L, Gil A. On the structural changes of a saponite intercalated with various polycations upon thermal treatments. Appl Catal A. 2001;217(1):191–204.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Kloprogge JT. Synthesis of smectites and porous pillared clay catalysts: a review. J Porous Mater. 1998;5(1):5–41.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Gil A, Assis FCC, Albeniz S, Korili SA. Removal of dyes from wastewaters by adsorption on pillared clays. Chem Eng J. 2011;168(3):1032–40.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Gil A, Korili SA, Trujillano R, Vicente MA. A review on characterization of pillared clays by specific techniques. Appl Clay Sci. 2011;53(2):97–105.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kloprogge JT, Evans R, Hickey L, Frost RL. Characterisation and Al-pillaring of smectites from Miles, Queensland (Australia). Appl Clay Sci. 2002;20(4):157–63.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Aouad A, Anastácio AS, Bergaya F, Stucki JWA. Mössbauer spectroscopic study of aluminum- and iron-pillared clay minerals. Clays Clay Miner. 2010;58(2):164–73.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Fripiat J. High resolution solid state NMR study of pillared clays. Catal Today. 1988;2(2):281–95.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Tomul F, Balci S. Characterization of Al, Cr-pillared clays and CO oxidation. Appl Clay Sci. 2009;43(1):13–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Elkhalifah AE, Bustam MA, Murugesan T. Thermal properties of different transition metal forms of montmorillonite intercalated with mono-, di-, and triethanolammonium compounds. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2013;112(2):929–35.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Volzone C, Garrido LB. High temperature structural modifications of intercalated montmorillonite clay mineral with OH–Al polymers. Proced Mater Sci. 2012;1:164–71.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Santana L, Gomes J, Neves G, Lira H, Menezes R, Segadães A. Mullite formation from bentonites containing kaolinite: effect of composition and synthesis parameters. Appl Clay Sci. 2014;87:28–33.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Önal M, Sarıkaya Y. Thermal behavior of a bentonite. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2007;90(1):167–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Bayram H, Önal M, Yılmaz H, Sarıkaya Y. Thermal analysis of a white calcium bentonite. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2010;101(3):873–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Zhang Y, Liu Q, Wu Z, Zhang Y. Thermal behavior analysis of two bentonite samples selected from China. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2015;121(3):1287–95.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. McConville CJ, Lee WE. Microstructural development on firing illite and smectite clays compared with that in kaolinite. J Am Ceram Soc. 2005;88(8):2267–76.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Lee W, Souza G, McConville C, Tarvornpanich T, Iqbal Y. Mullite formation in clays and clay-derived vitreous ceramics. J Eur Ceram Soc. 2008;28(2):465–71.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Volzone C, Garrido L. Retention of OH–Al complexes by dioctahedral smectites. Clay Miner. 2001;36(1):115–23.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Hsu PH. Aluminum hydroxides and oxyhydroxides. In: Dixon JB, Weed SW, editors. Minerals in soil environments. 2nd ed. Madison: Soil Science Society of America; 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Volzone C, Garrido LB. Retention of chromium by modified Al-bentonite. Cerâmica. 2002;48:153–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Ban T, Okada K. Structure refinement of mullite by the rietveld method and a new method for estimation of chemical composition. J Am Ceram Soc. 1992;75(1):227–30.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Bergaya F, Lagaly G, Vayer M. Chapter 12.10 cation and anion exchange. In: Faïza Bergaya BKGT, Gerhard L, editors. Developments in clay science. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2006. p. 979–1001.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Hsu PH. Reaction of OH–Al polymers with smectites and vermiculites. Clays Clay Miner. 1992;40(3):300–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Aceman S, Lahav N, Yariv S. A thermo-XRD study of Al-pillared smectites differing in source of charge, obtained in dialyzed, non-dialyzed and washed systems. Appl Clay Sci. 2000;17(3–4):99–126.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Mackenzie RC, Caillere S. Data handbook for clay materials and other non-metallic minerals. Oxford: Pergamon Press; 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Ma L, Zhou Q, Li T, Tao Q, Zhu J, Yuan P, et al. Investigation of structure and thermal stability of surfactant-modified Al-pillared montmorillonite. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2014;115(1):219–25.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Aceman S, Lahav N, Yariv S. XRD study of the dehydration and rehydration behaviour of Al-pillared smectites differing in source of charge. J Therm Anal. 1997;50(1):241–56.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Aceman S, Lahav N, Yariv S. A thermo-FTIR-spectroscopy analysis of Al-pillared smectites differing in source of charge, in KBr disks. Thermochim Acta. 1999;340–341:349–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Volzone C. OH–Cr(III) in dioctahedral and trioctahedral smectites: texture and structure changes. Mater Chem Phys. 1997;47(1):13–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Grim RE, Kulbicki G. Montmorillonite: high temperature reactions and classification. Am Mineral. 1961;46:1329–69.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Okada K, ŌTslka N. Change in chemical composition of mullite formed from 2SiO2·3Al2O3 xerogel during the formation process. J Am Ceram Soc. 1987; 70(10):245–247.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors thank to CONICET and MINCYT for financial supports.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CETMIC -Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y Cerámica- (CCT CONICET-La Plata; CICPBA), Camino Centenario y 506, CC49, M.B.Gonnet (1897), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    J. M. Martinez, C. Volzone & L. B. Garrido

Authors
  1. J. M. Martinez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. C. Volzone
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. L. B. Garrido
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. Volzone.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Martinez, J.M., Volzone, C. & Garrido, L.B. Thermal transformations up to 1200 °C of Al-pillared montmorillonite precursors prepared by different OH–Al polymers. J Therm Anal Calorim 128, 61–69 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-016-5938-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-016-5938-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation