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SEM and XPS Study of Cr6+ Removal from Wastewater via Reduction and Adsorption by Hierarchically Structured Carbon Composite in Neutral Media

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Abstract

A hierarchically structured carbon film (HSC) synthesised during glucose interaction with a halide melt on a molten magnesium catalyst at temperatures is composed of sp, sp2, and sp3 hybridised carbon atoms as well as carbonyl and carboxyl functional groups according to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The hierarchically structured carbon film reduces up to 100% of hexavalent chromium ions from 0.05 and 0.1 M potassium dichromate solutions in a neutral medium. The interaction is instantaneous, and Cr3+ is found in the solution in the form of stable aqua complexes. Trivalent chromium ions are adsorbed only on the film's developed side; no chromium was found on its smooth side. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates that oxygen content in the carbon film increases by 20% in the form of carbonyl groups. The adsorptive ability of the HSC composite is high and, depending on the concentration of the initial bichromate, reaches 111 mg/g at pH 7, which is much higher than most carbon fibres, carbon nanomaterials and oxide sorbents. The method of reducing hexavalent chromium and adsorbing trivalent chromium is environmentally friendly. Its application will reduce Cr6+ and adsorption of Cr3+, a one-step process without using any acids.

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Acknowledgements

The equipment of the Ural Centre for Shared Use of Modern Nanotechnology at the Ural Federal University and Composition of Compounds Centre for Shared Use of the Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry UB RAS was used. This work was performed according to the budgetary plans of Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry theme AAAA-A19-119020190042-7.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya str., 20, Ekaterinburg, 620990, Russia

    V. A. Yolshina & L. A. Yolshina

  2. Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia

    V. I. Pryakhina

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  1. V. A. Yolshina
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VAY Investigation: Synthesis of carbon composite and Cr6 + interaction, Software, LAY Supervision, Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing- Reviewing and Editing, VIP Formal analysis, Resources.

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Correspondence to L. A. Yolshina.

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Yolshina, V.A., Yolshina, L.A. & Pryakhina, V.I. SEM and XPS Study of Cr6+ Removal from Wastewater via Reduction and Adsorption by Hierarchically Structured Carbon Composite in Neutral Media. J Inorg Organomet Polym 31, 3624–3635 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-021-02003-3

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