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Synergistic effect of micro- and nano-TiO2 on hydrophobic, mechanical, and electrical properties of hybrid polyurethane composites

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Abstract

One of the ways to improve the performance of ceramic insulators in polluted climates is to use polymer coatings reinforced with ceramic particles. This study compares the hydrophobic, mechanical, and electrical properties of solely filled polyurethane (PU) with nanoparticles and co-filled PU with nano- and microparticles. Stearic acid was used as an inexpensive and environmentally friendly surface modifier. FTIR analysis was conducted to ensure that hydrophilic titanium dioxide changed to hydrophobic. Coated polyurethane–TiO2 and their free films containing 1 wt% and 3 wt% titania were compared with each other and the pure PU. AFM analysis and topography FESEM images showed a higher surface roughness in micro-nanocomposites (hybrid) compared to the nanocomposite samples. The maximum contact angle belonged to the hybrid sample containing 0.5 wt% nanoparticles and 0.5 wt% microparticles. The contact angle increased from 73° to 95°. The mechanical strength improved by 40%, and the electrical resistivity of the resulting composite increased about 3 times with the introduction of modified titanium dioxide. This study indicated that the synergistic effect of titania micro- and nanoparticles could cause more enhancement in contact angle, tensile strength, elongation, and electrical resistivity.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

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Funding

This work was supported by Iran University of Science & Technology (School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering) and Niroo Research Institute (Non-metallic Materials Research Department).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

    Leila Sohrabi-Kashani, Bijan Eftekhari Yekta & Hamid Reza Rezaie

  2. Non-metallic Materials Research Department, Niroo Research Institute, Tehran, Iran

    Ashkan Zolriasatein

Authors
  1. Leila Sohrabi-Kashani
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  2. Bijan Eftekhari Yekta
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  3. Hamid Reza Rezaie
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  4. Ashkan Zolriasatein
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by LSK, BEY, HRR, and AZ. The first draft of the manuscript was written by LSK, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Bijan Eftekhari Yekta.

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Sohrabi-Kashani, L., Yekta, B.E., Rezaie, H.R. et al. Synergistic effect of micro- and nano-TiO2 on hydrophobic, mechanical, and electrical properties of hybrid polyurethane composites. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 14488–14507 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-08370-y

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