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Preparation and characterization of hybrid aerogels from novolac and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene

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Abstract

In this study, a novel approach was introduced to reduce the brittle behavior of phenolic aerogels. Hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) resin, a low-molecular weight rubbery material, was used to modify novolac-type phenolic aerogels. The aerogels were prepared by two-step sol–gel polymerization at high temperature/pressure process followed by ambient pressure drying. First, HTPB chains were introduced into the novolac network during the gelation and then, were consolidated in the novolac structure through reaction with toluene diisocyanate (TDI). The resulting aerogels containing different amounts of HTPB (0–50 wt%) exhibited low bulk density in the range of 0.14–0.23 g/cm3. By increasing the amount of HTPB, the change was observed in microstructure, morphology, and physical properties which corresponded well with mechanical properties and thermal conductivity variations. The measured compression modulus of the aerogels was found to decrease from 96.0 (for pure novolac) to 11.8 MPa with addition of HTPB, indicating some extent of flexibility in the network.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Ministry of Science, Research and Technology of Iran for the financial support for the present work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, P.O. Box 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran

    Mahnaz Shahzamani, Rouhollah Bagheri & Mahmood Masoomi

  2. Polymer Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-114, Tehran, Iran

    Ahmad Reza Bahramian

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  1. Mahnaz Shahzamani
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Correspondence to Rouhollah Bagheri.

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Shahzamani, M., Bagheri, R., Bahramian, A.R. et al. Preparation and characterization of hybrid aerogels from novolac and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene. J Mater Sci 51, 7861–7873 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-0042-1

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