Abstract
The AC complex impedance spectroscopy technique was utilized to extract electrical parameters in (PbTiO3)0.97-(LaFeO3)0.03 ceramic in wide ranges of frequencies and temperatures. The sample was prepared by sol-gel process and the single phase was confirmed using x-ray diffraction. The compound exhibits high dielectric constant (εr max ~ 6050) for 1 kHz and low dielectric losses (tanδ < 0.1), diffuse phase transition at Curie temperature of 373 °C, and relaxer behavior. Simultaneous analysis of impedance, modulus, and electrical conductivity was performed. Complex impedance plots show semicircular arcs described by an electrical equivalent circuit which was proposed to explain the impedance results. Off-centered semicircular impedance plots show that the sample obeys to a non-Debye relaxation process. The decrease of resistance, with increasing temperature, indicates a negative temperature coefficient of resistance. Both activation energies, calculated from the conductivity 0.588 eV and the relaxation time 0.49 eV, were comparable highlighting that the relaxation process and conductivity have the same origin.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R. Gupta, D. Singh, R.K. Singh, K.K. Bamzai, J. Electroceram. 40, 235–246 (2018)
Q. Zhou, K.H. Lam, H. Zheng, W. Qiu, K.K. Shung, Prog. Mater. Sci. 66, 87–111 (2014)
Q. Lin, C. He, X. Long, J. Electroceram. 36, 8–15 (2016)
I. Payo, J.M. Hale, Sens. Actuators A-Phys. 168, 77–89 (2011)
K. Tiwari, S.C. Sharma, N. Hozhabri, J. Appl. Phys. 118, 093105 (2015)
T. Phatungthane, G. Rujijanagul, K. Pengpat, S. Eitssayeam, T. Tunkasiri, L.F. Cotica, R. Guo, A.S. Bhalla, Curr. Appl. Phys. 14, 1819–1824 (2014)
Z. Li, H. Fan, S. Jia, L. Song, J. Wang, Solid State Ionics 269, 14–18 (2015)
B.N. Parida, P.R. Das, R. Padhee, D. Suara, A. Mishra, J. Rout, R.N.P. Choudhary, Mater. Res. Bull. 61, 544–550 (2015)
S. Mahajan, D. Haridas, S.T. Ali, N.R. Munirathnam, K. Sreenivas, O.P. Thakur, C. Prakash, Physica B 451, 114–119 (2014)
R.E. Cohen, Nature 358, 136–138 (1992)
S.-W. Cheong, M. Mostovoy, Nat. Mater. 6, 13–20 (2007)
A. Singh, R. Chatterjee, Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 182908–182911 (2008)
L.H. Omari, S. Sayouri, Opt. Mater. 36, 118–122 (2014)
L.H. Omari, S. Sayouri, T. Lamcharfi, L. Hajji, J. Electroceram. 34, 28–37 (2015)
L.H. Omari, R. Moubah, M. Haddad, Mater. Chem. Phys. 199, 138–143 (2017)
C.O.P. de Santos, D. Garcia, Y.P. Mascarenhas, J.A. Eiras, Ceramica (Sao Paulo) 36, 17 (1989)
C.K. Suman, K. Prasad, R.N.P. Choudhary, Adv. Appl. Ceram. 104, 294–299 (2005)
S. Kallel, A. Nasri, N. Kallel, H. Rahmouni, O. Pena, K. Khirouni, M. Oumezzine, Physica B 406, 2172–2176 (2011)
S. Hcini, E. Oumezzine, M. Baazaoui, H. Rahmouni, K. Khirouni, E.K. Hlil, M. Oumezzine, Appl. Phys. A Mater. Sci. Process. 120, 1453–1459 (2015)
A. Lasia, B.E. Conway, J.O.M. Bockris, R.E. White, in Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and it’s applications (Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 1999)
L. Essaleh, G. Marín, S.M. Wasim, S. Lahlali, H. Chehouani, J. Alloys Compd. 688, 210–215 (2016)
D.K. Mahato, T.P. Sinha, J., Alloys Compd. 634, 246–252 (2015)
K.C. Verma, M. Ram, J. Sing, R.K. Kotnala, J. Alloys Compd. 509, 4967–4971 (2011)
A. Shukla, R.N.P. Choudhary, Curr. Appl. Phys. 11, 414–422 (2011)
B. Deka, S. Ravi, J. Alloys Compd. 720, 589–598 (2017)
S. Sharma et al., Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 31, 720–727 (2015)
A.K. Roy et al., Process. Appl. Ceram. 7, 81–91 (2013)
E. Oumezzine et al., J. Alloys Compd. 726, 187–194 (2017)
A.J. Millis, Nature 392, 147–150 (1998)
A.K. Jonscher, Nature 267, 673–679 (1977)
R. Kumari, N. Ahlawat, A. Agarwal, S. Sanghi, M. Sindhu, J. Alloys Compd. 676, 452–460 (2016)
M. Sindhu, N. Ahlawat, S. Sanghi, R. Kumari, A. Agarwal, J. Alloys Compd. 575, 109–114 (2013)
K. Funke, Prog. Solid State Chem. 33, 111 (1993)
A.K. Behera, N.K. Mohanty, S.K. Satpathy, B. Behera, P. Nayak, Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.) 28, 847–857 (2015)
N. Ortega, A. Kumar, P. Bhattacharya, S.B. Majumder, R.S. Katiyar, Phys. Rev. B 77, 014111–014111(10) (2008)
S. Sharma, K. Shamim, A. Ranjan, R. Rai, P. Kumari, S. Sinha, Ceram. Int. 41, 7713–7722 (2015)
A. Hussain, C.W. Ahn, H.J. Lee, I.W. Kim, J.S. Lee, S.J. Jeong, S.K. Rout, Curr. Appl. Phys. 10, 305–310 (2010)
F.N.A. Freire, M.R.P. Santos, F.M.M. Pereira, R.S.T.M. Sohn, J.S. Almeida, A.M.L. Medeiros, E.O. Sancho, M.M. Costa, A.S.B. Sombra, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 20, 149–156 (2009)
H. Mahamoud, B. Louati, F. Hlel, K. Guidara, Bull. Mater. Sci. 34, 1069–1075 (2011)
A. Shukla, R.N.P. Choudhary, Physica B 406, 2492–2500 (2011)
D.A. Vinnik, D.A. Zherebtsov, S.A. Gudkova, R. Niewa, N.S. Zabeivorota, F.V. Podgornov, Ceram. Int. 42, 10,787–10,792 (2016)
V. Thakur, A. Singh, R. Punia, S. Dahiya, L. Singh, J. Alloys Compd. 696, 529–537 (2017)
R. Jemai, R. M’nassri, A. Selmi, H. Rahmouni, K. Khirouni, N. Chniba Boudjada, A. Cheikhrouhou, J. Alloys Compd. 693, 631–641 (2017)
R.N. Bhowmik, Ceram. Int. 38, 5069–5080 (2012)
P.S. Das, P.K. Chakraborty, B. Behera, R.N.P. Choudhary, Physica B 395, 98–103 (2007)
R. Martinez, A. Kumar, R. Palai, J.F. Scott, R.S. Katiyar, J. Phys. D. Appl. Phys. 44(105), 302 (2011)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Omari, L.H., Moubah, R., Boutahar, A. et al. Analysis of electrical properties using complex impedance spectroscopy in solid solutions (PbTiO3)0.97-(LaFeO3)0.03 prepared by sol-gel technique. J Electroceram 44, 23–31 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10832-020-00199-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10832-020-00199-3