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The protective effect of drying on the cryopreservation of Neoporphyra haitanensis

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Abstract

The gametophytic thalli of Porphyra can survive long-term frozen storage under appropriate drying conditions. Herein we explored the effects of different drying and freezing conditions on the resuscitation of Neoporphyra haitanensis. The mechanisms of adaptation of algae to freezing were also investigated by transcriptomic analysis. The results revealed that the suitable relative water content (RWC) of thalli for frozen storage was 5%-10%; this resulted in a high thalli rehydration rate and high survival. Within 30 days of frozen storage at -20 °C, thalli with 5% RWC could be rehydrated effectively, and high percent thalli remained healthy. Desiccation significantly increased the level of protective floridoside, isofloridoside and some phytohormones (trans-zeatin, N6-isopentenyladenosine and indoleacetic acid) in the thalli, which remained stable for the following 30-days of frozen storage. However, frozen storage for one year reduced the percentage of healthy thalli to 68.67 ± 5.77% and led to a reduction in levels of the protective substances. Transcriptome data revealed that the mRNA pool was in an active transcription state after drying and was well protected during 30-days frozen storage. However, long-term frozen storage for one year altered the transcription status, with a large number of differentially expressed genes identified. Of note, genes in the carbon fixation pathway were up-regulated while genes involved in the citrate cycle (TCA cycle) and protein synthesis were down-regulated. In summary, a limited drying regime is key to the survival of N. haitanensis at frozen temperature; drying to 5% RWC provides the metabolic and transcriptional conditions required for cryoprotection and low temperature protects the stability of these metabolites and the mRNA pool.

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Availability of data and materials

The transcriptomic dataset analyzed in the current study are available in the SRA databases under the umbrella BioProject Accession PRJNA 839,273.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFD0900305), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31872540), Major Scientific and Technological Project of Ningbo (2021Z004 and 2021Z103), Major Scientific and Technological Project of Zhejiang Province (2021C02069-9), Zhejiang Province Nature Science Foundation of China (LY22C190002), China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA and the K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China

    Haike Qian, Qijun Luo, Juanjuan Chen, Rui Yang & Haimin Chen

  2. Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China

    Qijun Luo, Juanjuan Chen, Rui Yang & Haimin Chen

  3. Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou, 325005, China

    Tiegan Wang & Peng Zhang

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  1. Haike Qian
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  2. Qijun Luo
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  3. Juanjuan Chen
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Contributions

Haike Qian: Methodology, Juanjuan Chen: Analysis and data curation, Rui Yang: Seaweed culture, Peng Zhang and Qijun Luo: Seaweed collection and pretreatment, Haimin Chen: Writing-original draft preparation, conceptualization and supervision.

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Correspondence to Haimin Chen.

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Qian, H., Luo, Q., Chen, J. et al. The protective effect of drying on the cryopreservation of Neoporphyra haitanensis. J Appl Phycol 35, 277–289 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-022-02861-5

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