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The photosynthetic performance of a cultivated Japanese green alga Caulerpa lentillifera in response to three different stressors, temperature, irradiance, and desiccation

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Abstract

The effects of temperature, irradiance, and desiccation on the photosynthesis of a cultivated Japanese green alga Caulerpa lentillifera (Caulerpaceae) were determined by a pulse amplitude modulation (PAM)-chlorophyll fluorometer and dissolved oxygen sensors. The photochemical efficiency in the photosystem II (Fv/Fm and ΔF/Fm') during the 72-h temperature exposures (8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, and 40°C) was generally stable at 16–32°C but quickly dropped at lower and higher temperatures. The photosynthesis–temperature curve at 200 μmol photons m−2 s−1 also revealed that the maximum gross photosynthesis (GPmax) occurred at 30.7°C (30.5–30.9, 95% highest density credible intervals). Photosynthesis–irradiance curves at 16, 24, and 32°C quickly saturated, then expressed photoinhibition, and revealed that the maximum net photosynthetic rates (NPmax) and saturation irradiance (Ek) were highest at 32°C and lowest at 16°C. Continuous 6-h exposure to irradiances of 200 (low) and 400 (high) μmol photons m−2 s−1 at 16, 24, and 32°C expressed greater declines in their ΔF/Fm' at 16°C, revealing chronic chilling-light stress. The response to continuous desiccation (~480 min) under 50% humidity at 24°C showed that ΔF/Fm' dropped to zero at 480-min aerial exposure, and the treatments of more than 60-min desiccation did not return to the initial level even after 24-h subsequent rehydration in seawater. Likewise, ΔF/Fm' fell when the absolute water content (AWC) of the frond dropped below AWC of 90% and mostly did not return to the initial level even after 24-h subsequent rehydration in seawater, signifying a low tolerance to desiccation.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Yoshiki Nakazaki and Tomohiro Ito of the Laboratory of Marine Botany, Kagoshima University, for their kind support in the preliminary experiment of the present study. All authors have provided consent.

Funding

This study was supported in part by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (category B, #16H02939, #20H03076) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan

    Ryuta Terada

  2. Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan

    Moe Takaesu

  3. College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of the Philippines-Visayas, Miagao, 5023, Iloilo, Philippines

    Iris Ann Borlongan

  4. Institute for East China Sea Research, Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 851-2213, Japan

    Gregory N. Nishihara

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Terada, R., Takaesu, M., Borlongan, I.A. et al. The photosynthetic performance of a cultivated Japanese green alga Caulerpa lentillifera in response to three different stressors, temperature, irradiance, and desiccation. J Appl Phycol 33, 2547–2559 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-021-02439-7

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