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Acute Lung Injury in Response to Intratracheal Instillation of Lipopolysaccharide in an Animal Model of Emphysema Induced by Elastase

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Abstract

The response of lungs with emphysema to an acute lung injury (ALI) remains unclear. This study compared the lung response to intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats with and without emphysema. Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomized to four groups: control group (C-G), ALI group (ALI-G), emphysema group (E-G), emphysema and ALI group (E-ALI-G). Euthanasia and the following analysis were performed 24 h after ALI induction: lung histology, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators, and blood gas measures. The histological analysis showed that animals of ALI-G (0.55 ± 0.15) and E-ALI-G (0.69 ± 0.08) had a higher ALI score compared to C-G (0.12 ± 0.04) and E-G (0.16 ± 0.04) (p < 0.05). The analysis of each component of the score demonstrated that ALI-G and E-ALI-G had greater alveolar and interstitial neutrophil infiltration, as well as greater amount of alveolar proteinaceous debris. Comparing the two groups that received LPS, there was a trend of higher ALI in the E-ALI-G, specially due to a higher neutrophil infiltration in the alveolar spaces and a higher septal thickening. Total cell count (E-G = 3.09 ± 0.83; ALI-G = 4.45 ± 1.9; E-ALI-G = 5.9 ± 2.1; C-G = 0.73 ± 0.37 × 105) and neutrophil count (E-G = 0.69 ± 0.35; ALI-G = 2.53 ± 1.09; E-ALI-G = 3.86 ± 1.4; C-G = 0.09 ± 0.07 × 105) in the BAL were higher in the groups E-G, ALI-G, and E-ALI-G when compared to C-G (p < 0.05). The IL-6, TNF-α, and CXCL2 mRNA expressions were higher in the animals that received LPS (ALI-G and E-ALI-G) compared to the C-G and E-G (p < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed in the BAL cellularity and in the expression of inflammatory mediators between the ALI-G and the E-ALI-G. The severity of ALI in response to intratracheal instillation of LPS did not show difference in rats with and without intratracheal-induced emphysema.

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Funding

This study was funded by a research grant from Rede Mineira TOXIFAR, Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), and Center of Reproductive Biology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Av. Eugênio do Nascimento - s/n°, Dom Bosco, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36038-330, Brazil

    Maria Aparecida Esteves Rabelo, Leda Marília Fonseca Lucinda, Maycon Moura Reboredo, Lídia Maria Carneiro da Fonseca, Fernando Fonseca Reis, Thaís Fernanda Fazza, Danielle Ribeiro Brega & Bruno Valle Pinheiro

  2. Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Khelmer - s/n, Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36036-900, Brazil

    Maria Aparecida Esteves Rabelo, Leda Marília Fonseca Lucinda & Flavia de Paoli

  3. Center of Reproductive Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Khelmer - s/n, Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36036-900, Brazil

    Leda Marília Fonseca Lucinda, Maycon Moura Reboredo, Lídia Maria Carneiro da Fonseca, Fernando Fonseca Reis, Thaís Fernanda Fazza & Bruno Valle Pinheiro

  4. Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, 20550900, Brazil

    Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca

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  1. Maria Aparecida Esteves Rabelo
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Correspondence to Bruno Valle Pinheiro.

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Ethical Approval

All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee in Animal Experiments of Federal University of Juiz de Fora and all procedures were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution or practice at which the studies were conducted.

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Rabelo, M.A.E., Lucinda, L.M.F., Reboredo, M.M. et al. Acute Lung Injury in Response to Intratracheal Instillation of Lipopolysaccharide in an Animal Model of Emphysema Induced by Elastase. Inflammation 41, 174–182 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-017-0675-5

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