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Patterns and drivers of stream benthic macroinvertebrate beta diversity in an agricultural landscape

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Abstract

Knowledge of benthic macroinvertebrate β-diversity patterns and drivers in an agricultural landscape can inform and improve watershed management decisions. Our study used multi-site and pairwise measures to determine taxonomic and functional β-diversity and associated nestedness and turnover components for benthic macroinvertebrate communities in the agricultural landscape. Total taxonomic β-diversity was mostly due to turnover, whereas total functional β-diversity was composed of turnover and nestedness more equally. Variation partitioning showed that spatial and habitat variables explained the largest proportion of variation in the total and turnover component of both taxonomic and functional β-diversity. Variation in nestedness was associated with local-scale habitat. Agricultural land cover was not a driver of β-diversity; however, extensive agricultural land cover appeared to disrupt the habitat–functional β-diversity relationship. Our findings suggest that distance among benthic macroinvertebrate communities should be considered when making land management or conservation decisions. Moreover, apparent disruption of the habitat–functional β-diversity relationship with extensive agricultural cover suggests managers should strategically target restoration activities to upland or channel areas based on catchment conditions. Finally, differences between taxonomic and functional β-diversity suggest including both measures in monitoring programs may enhance regional biodiversity assessments.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants provided to AG Yates from the Canadian Water Network (4000) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN/435371-2013). Additional support was supplied by the Ontario Trillium Foundation, and Western University. We would like to thank the members of the StrEAMS Lab for laboratory and field assistance, especially Roger Holmes, Jeremy Grimstead, Erika Hill, Renee Lazor, Nolan Pearce, Pablo Enrique Banuelos, and Ben Wilcox.

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  1. Department of Geography, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada

    Edward M. Krynak & Adam G. Yates

  2. Canadian Rivers Institute, New Brunswick, Canada

    Edward M. Krynak & Adam G. Yates

  3. Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada

    Zoë Lindo

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Krynak, E.M., Lindo, Z. & Yates, A.G. Patterns and drivers of stream benthic macroinvertebrate beta diversity in an agricultural landscape. Hydrobiologia 837, 61–75 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-3961-4

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