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Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the SNARE genes in Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) reveals its roles in drought stress

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Abstract

SNARE (soluble-N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor accessory-protein receptor) proteins are important for plant growth and development. Based on their role in membrane fusion, SNARE proteins are involved in abiotic stress resistance. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is a widely cultivated crop in Asia with high tolerance to drought stress. The investigation focuses on drought stress-related genes like SNARE will help to reveal the mechanism of foxtail millet drought tolerance. In this study, we identified 52 SiSNARE genes in foxtail millet. Phylogenetic analysis, prediction of conserved motif, and gene structure analysis classified these genes into different groups, including 15 Qa-SiSNARE genes, 10 Qb-SiSNARE genes, 9 Qc-SiSNARE genes, 3 Qb + c-SiSNARE genes, and 15 R-SiSNARE genes. In silico transcript level analysis showed some SiSNAREs were tissue or development stage-specific expressed. Two cultivars of foxtail millet, “Jingu21” and “Longgu16”, showed different phenotypes under drought stress. We detected the expression of 52 SiSNARE genes in these two cultivars under drought stress. There were 15 SiSNARE genes up-regulated and 3 genes down-regulated after drought stress in both two cultivars. We also found 6 SiSNARE genes were specifically altered under stress in cultivar “Jingu21”, which showed better drought tolerance. Our results provide genomic information for SiSNARE genes in foxtail millet. Analysis of stress-related gene expression in cultivars with different phenotypes suggests some SiSNARE genes' role in drought stress response. These findings laid a foundation for further SNARE related drought stress research in foxtail millet.

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The data and materials generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all the colleagues in our laboratory for providing useful discussions and technical assistance.

Funding

This work was supported by the open funding of Xinghuacun College of Shanxi University (Shanxi Institute of Brewing Technology and Industry (Preparation)) (No. XCSXU-KF-202020) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2020YFD1001401) to BZ. The National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2020YFD1001405) to LZZ. And Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi (2019L0104) to PY. The funding bodies played no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China

    Hui Wang, Dongdong Hao, Xiaoxia Wang, Pu Yang, Lizhen Zhang & Ben Zhang

  2. Xinghuacun College of Shanxi University (Shanxi Institute of Brewing Technology and Industry (Preparation)), Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China

    Hui Wang, Pu Yang & Ben Zhang

  3. College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China

    Haiying Zhang

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  1. Hui Wang
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Experiments were designed by Ben Zhang, Haiying Zhang, Pu Yang, and Hui Wang. Experiments were performed by Hui Wang, Dongdong Hao, and Xiaoxia Wang. Ben Zhang, Hui Wang, Lizhen Zhang, and Haiying Zhang analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Wang, H., Hao, D., Wang, X. et al. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the SNARE genes in Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) reveals its roles in drought stress. Plant Growth Regul 95, 355–369 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-021-00746-0

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