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The integration of ACS2-generated ACC with GH3-mediated IAA homeostasis in NaCl-stressed primary root elongation of Arabidopsis seedlings

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Abstract

Plant root growth is controlled by auxin (IAA) and ethylene. The appropriate IAA concentration is regulated by many events, such as IAA biosynthesis, conjugation, and degradation. The levels of ethylene and its precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) depend on the activity of ACC synthases (ACSs). However, some questions have been raised: can ACS family members specifically regulate the ACC concentration in response to NaCl stress, and if so, how? How does ACC production affect IAA homeostasis during the root growth of Arabidopsis seedlings? Here, our observations showed that NaCl inhibition of root growth was greater in the ACS2-deficient mutants acs2-1 and acs2-2 because of the reduction of ACC and IAA accumulation in their root tips, while this reduction was rescued in transformants, including acs2 complementary (ACS2/acs2-1) and ACS2 overexpression (ACS2-OE) lines. The data showed that the decreased IAA levels resulted from increased activity of IAA conjugation enzymes, such as GH3.5 and GH3.9. These results suggest that ACS2 activity is an early response factor in the signaling pathway of NaCl-inhibited root growth.

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Abbreviations

ACC:

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid

ACS:

ACC synthase

CYCB1:

Cyclin B1

DAO1:

Dioxygenase for auxin oxidation 1

GH3:

Gretchen Hagen 3

GFP:

Green fluorescent protein

GUS:

β-Glucuronidase

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

PI:

Propidium iodide

4-MUG:

4-Methylumbelliferyl-β-d-glucuronide

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Acknowledgements

We thank Professor Zhizhong Gong for the kind of gift of DR5::GFP and DR5::GUS seeds. This work was supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31271510 to Jing Jiang, and U1504302 to Shuan Han).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jinming Street, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China

    Shuan Han, Ming-zhu Jia, Jing-fang Yang & Jing Jiang

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  1. Shuan Han
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  2. Ming-zhu Jia
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  3. Jing-fang Yang
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  4. Jing Jiang
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Correspondence to Jing Jiang.

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Han, S., Jia, Mz., Yang, Jf. et al. The integration of ACS2-generated ACC with GH3-mediated IAA homeostasis in NaCl-stressed primary root elongation of Arabidopsis seedlings. Plant Growth Regul 88, 151–158 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-019-00495-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-019-00495-1

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