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Pre-sedation and transport of Rhamdia quelen in water containing essential oil of Lippia alba: metabolic and physiological responses

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Abstract

The effects of transporting silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) for 6 h in plastic bags containing 0 (control), 30 or 40 µL/L of essential oil (EO) from Lippia alba leaves were investigated. Prior to transport, the fish in the two experimental groups were sedated with 200 µL/L of EO for 3 min. After transport, dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide, alkalinity, water hardness, pH, temperature and un-ionized ammonia levels in the transport water did not differ significantly among the groups. However, total ammonia nitrogen levels and net Na+, Cl− and K+ effluxes were significantly lower in the groups transported with EO of L. alba than those in the control group. PvO2, PvCO2 and HCO3 − were higher after transporting fish in 40 µL/L of EO of L. alba, but there were no significant differences between groups regarding blood pH or hematocrit. Cortisol levels were significantly higher in fish transported in 30 µL/L of EO of L. alba compared to those of the control group. The metabolic parameters (glycogen, lactate, total amino acid, total ammonia and total protein) showed different responses after adding EO to the transport water. In conclusion, while the EO of L. alba is recommended for fish transport in the conditions tested in the present study because it was effective in reducing waterborne total ammonia levels and net ion loss, the higher hepatic oxidative stress in this species with the same EO concentrations reported by a previous study led us to conclude that the 10–20 µL/L concentration range of EO and lack of pre-sedation before transport are more effective.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by INCT ADAPTA/Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas/Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico and Ministério da Pesca e Aquicultura/FINEP (process 01.12.0130.00). B. Baldisserotto and V.L. Loro received research fellowships and the A.G. Becker postdoctoral fellowship from CNPq (processes 150070/2012-8 (PDJ) and 246702/2012-5 (CsF)). C.C. Zeppenfeld received a postdoctoral fellowship from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CIMAR – Laboratório Associado, Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal

    Alexssandro G. Becker

  2. Curso de Farmácia da Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Prédio 9, Avenida Batista Bonoto Sobrinho 733, Santiago, RS, 97700-000, Brazil

    Thaylise V. Parodi

  3. Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil

    Carla C. Zeppenfeld, Joseânia Salbego, Mauro A. Cunha & Bernardo Baldisserotto

  4. Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil

    Vania L. Loro

  5. Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil

    Clarissa G. Heldwein & Berta M. Heinzmann

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  1. Alexssandro G. Becker
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  2. Thaylise V. Parodi
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  3. Carla C. Zeppenfeld
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  4. Joseânia Salbego
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  5. Mauro A. Cunha
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  6. Clarissa G. Heldwein
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  8. Berta M. Heinzmann
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  9. Bernardo Baldisserotto
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Correspondence to Bernardo Baldisserotto.

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Becker, A.G., Parodi, T.V., Zeppenfeld, C.C. et al. Pre-sedation and transport of Rhamdia quelen in water containing essential oil of Lippia alba: metabolic and physiological responses. Fish Physiol Biochem 42, 73–81 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-015-0118-x

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