Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Groundwater vulnerability assessment using AHP-DRASTIC-GALDIT comprehensive model: a case study of Binhai New Area, Tianjin, China

  • Published:
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Binhai New Area (BHNA), as one of the most economically and industrially regions in the Haihe River Basin, China, is seriously affected by seawater intrusion and groundwater over-exploitation. Groundwater vulnerability assessment (GVA) is an effective tool to protect the groundwater resources from being polluted. In this study, vertical and horizontal groundwater conditional factors were first assessed separately by two different models. The AHP-DRASTIC model was used to evaluate the intrinsic groundwater vulnerability and the AHP-GALDIT model was used to evaluate the specific groundwater vulnerability to seawater intrusion. Then, a GIS-based overlaying approach was used to get the comprehensive shallow groundwater vulnerability. The results of the comprehensive model showed that the vulnerability areas of very low, low, medium, and high account for 1.37%, 11.36%, 60.56%, and 26.71%, respectively. Finally, to effectively manage the groundwater in the study area, two remediation areas, two control areas, and one protected area were determined based on the comprehensive groundwater vulnerability maps. This study can not only promote the development of rational exploitation of shallow groundwater and prevention of groundwater pollution in BHNA but also provide a framework for future research in the GVA on the coast.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

Availability of data and materials

The results/data/figures in this manuscript have not been published elsewhere, nor are they under consideration (from me or one of my Contributing Authors) by another publisher.

References

  • Ai, W. (2015). Research on the geological environment carrying capacity in Binhai New Area of Tianjin city. Hebei University of Technology.

  • Aller, L. (1985). DRASTIC: A standardized system for evaluating ground water pollution potential using hydrogeologic settings. Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency.

  • Barzegar, R., Razzagh, S., Quilty, J., Adamowski, J., Pour, H. K., & Booij, M. J. (2021). Improving GALDIT-based groundwater vulnerability predictive mapping using coupled resampling algorithms and machine learning models. Journal of Hydrology, 598, 126370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126370

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bordbar, M., Neshat, A., Javadi, S., Pradhan, B., & Aghamohammadi, H. (2020). Meta-heuristic algorithms in optimizing GALDIT framework: A comparative study for coastal aquifer vulnerability assessment. Journal of Hydrology, 585, 124768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.124768

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boufekane, A., Maizi, D., Madene, E., Busico, G., & Zghibi, A. (2022). Hybridization of GALDIT method to assess actual and future coastal vulnerability to seawater intrusion. Journal of Environmental Management, 318, 115580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115580

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Busico, G., Kazakis, N., Cuoco, E., Colombani, N., Tedesco, D., Voudouris, K., & Mastrocicco, M. (2020). A novel hybrid method of specific vulnerability to anthropogenic pollution using multivariate statistical and regression analyses. Water Research, 171, 115386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.115386

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carrubba, S. (2014). Vulnerability mapping of the Ghar El Melh coastal aquifer in Tunisia. Project Report.

  • Carrubba, S., Aureli, A., & Lagod, M. (2020). ACVM (Aquifer Comprehensive Vulnerability Mapping)–A new method for evaluating coastal aquifer vulnerability based on a wide concept of aquifer vulnerability. In Groundwater Vulnerability and Pollution Risk Assessment (1th ed., pp. 3–14). CRC Press.

  • Chachadi, A. G. (2005). Seawater intrusion mapping using modified GALDIT indicator model: A case study in Goa. Jalvigyan Sameksha, 20, 29–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chachadi, A. G., Lobo Ferreira, J. P., Noronha, L., & Choudri, B. S. (2002). Assessing the impact of sea-level rise on salt water intrusion in coastal aquifers using GALDIT model. Coastin—A Coastal Policy Res Newsl, 7, 27–32.

  • Chenini, I., Zghibi, A., & Kouzana, L. (2015). Hydrogeological investigations and groundwater vulnerability assessment and mapping for groundwater resource protection and management: State of the art and a case study. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 109, 11–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2015.05.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • China geological survey the institute of engineering geology. (1979). Hydrogeological atlas of the People’s Republic of China. Geological Publishing House.

  • Fannakh, A., & Farsang, A. (2022). DRASTIC, GOD, and SI approaches for assessing groundwater vulnerability to pollution: A review. Environmental Sciences Europe, 34(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-022-00646-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foster, S., Chilton, J., Nijsten, G. J., & Richts, A. (2013). Groundwater—a global focus on the ‘local resource.’ Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 5(6), 685–695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2013.10.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goyal, D., Haritash, A. K., & Singh, S. K. (2021). A comprehensive review of groundwater vulnerability assessment using index-based, modelling, and coupling methods. Journal of Environmental Management, 296, 113161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guo, X., Yang, Z., Li, C., Xiong, H., & Ma, C. (2022 ). Combining the classic vulnerability index and affinity propagation clustering algorithm to assess the intrinsic aquifer vulnerability of coastal aquifers on an integrated scale. Environmental Research, 114877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114877

  • Han, D., & Currell, M. J. (2022). Review of drivers and threats to coastal groundwater quality in China. Science of the Total Environment, 806, 150913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150913

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, X., Ma, C., Qi, H., & Guo, X. (2018). Groundwater vulnerability assessment using the GALDIT model and the improved DRASTIC model: A case in Weibei Plain. China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(32), 32524–32539. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3196-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, P., Ma, C., & Zhou, A. (2022). Assessment of groundwater sustainable development considering geo-environment stability and ecological environment: A case study in the Pearl River Delta. China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(12), 18010–18035. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16924-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kazakis, N., & Voudouris, K. S. (2015). Groundwater vulnerability and pollution risk assessment of porous aquifers to nitrate: Modifying the DRASTIC method using quantitative parameters. Journal of Hydrology, 525, 13–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.03.035

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ketabchi, H., Mahmoodzadeh, D., Ataie-Ashtiani, B., & Simmons, C. T. (2016). Sea-level rise impacts on seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers: Review and integration. Journal of Hydrology, 535, 235–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.01.083

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar, P., Bansod, B. K., Debnath, S. K., Thakur, P. K., & Ghanshyam, C. (2015). Index-based groundwater vulnerability mapping models using hydrogeological settings: A critical evaluation. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 51, 38–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2015.02.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lasagna, M., De Luca, D. A., & Franchino, E. (2018). Intrinsic groundwater vulnerability assessment: Issues, comparison of different methodologies and correlation with nitrate concentrations in NW Italy. Environmental Earth Sciences, 77(7), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-018-7452-0

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, F., Zhao, Y., Feng, P., Zhang, W., & Qiao, J. (2015). Risk assessment of groundwater and its application. Part I: Risk grading based on the functional zoning of groundwater. Water Resources Management, 29(8), 2697–2714.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-015-0964-4

  • Li, G. (2017). Tianjin groundwater pollution risk assessment methods and applications. Tianjin Agricultural University.

  • Li, S., Ma, S., Yu, P., & Li, Y. (2018). Evaluation of groundwater vulnerability to contaminatión based on DRASTIC model and GIS in Tianjin plain area. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 301, No. 1, p. 012090). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/301/1/012090

  • Li, Z., Zhang, X., & Zhang, M. (2020). Comparison of indicators for the assessment of saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers — taking aquifers in Pearl River Estuary as an example. Marine Environmental Science, 39(01), 16–24.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liang, Y., & Lin, G. (2020). Evaluation of groundwater quality in Binhai New Area of Tianjin based on principal component analysis and water quality identification index. Groundwater, 03, 43–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Luoma, S., Okkonen, J., & Korkka-Niemi, K. (2017). Comparison of the AVI, modified SINTACS and GALDIT vulnerability methods under future climate-change scenarios for a shallow low-lying coastal aquifer in southern Finland. Hydrogeology Journal, 25(1), 203–222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-016-1471-2

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Machiwal, D., Jha, M. K., Singh, V. P., & Mohan, C. (2018). Assessment and mapping of groundwater vulnerability to pollution: Current status and challenges. Earth-Science Reviews, 185, 901–927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.08.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Majandang, J., & Sarapirome, S. (2013). Groundwater vulnerability assessment and sensitivity analysis in Nong Rua, Khon Kaen, Thailand, using a GIS-based SINTACS model. Environmental Earth Sciences, 68(7), 2025–2039. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1890-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Margat, J. (1968). Groundwater vulnerability to contamination. 68, BRGM, Orleans, France. In Massone et al. (2010). Enhanced groundwater vulnerability assessment in geological homogeneous areas: a case study from the Argentine Pampas. Hydrogeology Journal, 18, 371–379.

  • Miao, J., Ma, W., Cui, K., Wang, Z., & Zhang, Y. (2021). Assessment and early warning of geo-environmental carrying capacity: A case study of Tianjin Binhai new area, China. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 632, No. 2, p. 022079). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/632/2/022079

  • Momejian, N., Abou Najm, M., Alameddine, I., & El-Fadel, M. (2019). Can groundwater vulnerability models assess seawater intrusion? Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 75, 13–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2018.10.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muralitharan, J., & Palanivel, K. (2015). Groundwater targeting using remote sensing, geographical information system and analytical hierarchy process method in hard rock aquifer system, Karur district, Tamil Nadu. India. Earth Science Informatics, 8(4), 827–842. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-015-0213-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Neshat, A., Pradhan, B., & Dadras, M. (2014). Groundwater vulnerability assessment using an improved DRASTIC method in GIS. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 86, 74–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2014.02.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parizi, E., Hosseini, S. M., Ataie-Ashtiani, B., & Simmons, C. T. (2019). Vulnerability mapping of coastal aquifers to seawater intrusion: Review, development and application. Journal of Hydrology, 570, 555–573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.12.021

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qiu, Y., Ma, C., Qian, J., & Wang, X. (2021). Comparison of different groundwater vulnerability evaluation models of typical karst areas in north China: A case of Hebi City. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(24), 30821–30840. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12719-x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rajput, H., Goyal, R., & Brighu, U. (2020). Modification and optimization of DRASTIC model for groundwater vulnerability and contamination risk assessment for Bhiwadi region of Rajasthan. India. Environmental Earth Sciences, 79(6), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-020-8874-z

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Recinos, N., Kallioras, A., Pliakas, F., & Schuth, C. (2015). Application of GALDIT index to assess the intrinsic vulnerability to seawater intrusion of coastal granular aquifers. Environmental Earth Sciences, 73(3), 1017–1032. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3452-x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saha, D., & Alam, F. (2014). Groundwater vulnerability assessment using DRASTIC and Pesticide DRASTIC models in intense agriculture area of the Gangetic plains. India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 186(12), 8741–8763. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-4041-x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sajedi-Hosseini, F., Malekian, A., Choubin, B., Rahmati, O., Cipullo, S., Coulon, F., & Pradhan, B. (2018). A novel machine learning-based approach for the risk assessment of nitrate groundwater contamination. Science of the Total Environment, 644, 954–962. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.054

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • San Cristóbal, J. R. (2011). Multi-criteria decision-making in the selection of a renewable energy project in spain: The Vikor method. Renewable Energy, 36(2), 498–502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2010.07.031

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saravanan, S., Pitchaikani, S., Thambiraja, M., Sathiyamurthi, S., Sivakumar, V., Velusamy, S., & Shanmugamoorthy, M. (2023). Comparative assessment of groundwater vulnerability using GIS-based DRASTIC and DRASTIC-AHP for Thoothukudi District, Tamil Nadu India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 195(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-10601-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Satty, T. L. (1980). The analytic hierarchy process, analytic hierarchy process.

  • Sener, E., & Davraz, A. (2013). Assessment of groundwater vulnerability based on a modified DRASTIC model, GIS and an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method: The case of Egirdir Lake basin (Isparta, Turkey). Hydrogeology Journal, 21(3), 701–714. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-012-0947-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shrestha, S., Kafle, R., & Pandey, V. P. (2017). Evaluation of index-overlay methods for groundwater vulnerability and risk assessment in Kathmandu Valley. Nepal. Science of the Total Environment, 575, 779–790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.141

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sorichetta, A., Masetti, M., Ballabio, C., Sterlacchini, S., & Beretta, G. P. (2011). Reliability of groundwater vulnerability maps obtained through statistical methods. Journal of Environmental Management, 92(4), 1215–1224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.12.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sun, X. (2007). Sustainable Utilization Study of Groundwater Resources in Circum-Bohai-Sea Region. China University of Geosciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trabelsi, N., Triki, I., Hentati, I., & Zairi, M. (2016). Aquifer vulnerability and seawater intrusion risk using GALDIT, GQISWI and GIS: Case of a coastal aquifer in Tunisia. Environmental Earth Sciences, 75(8), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-5459-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Uhan, J., Vižintin, G., & Pezdič, J. (2011). Groundwater nitrate vulnerability assessment in alluvial aquifer using process-based models and weights-of-evidence method: Lower Savinja Valley case study (Slovenia). Environmental Earth Sciences, 64(1), 97–105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-010-0821-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, L. (2010). The study on deep groundwater resources andsubsidence caused by withdrawal with method of numerical simulation in Tianjin District. China University of Geosciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Xiong, H., Wang, Y., Guo, X., Han, J., Ma, C., & Zhang, X. (2022). Current status and future challenges of groundwater vulnerability assessment: A bibliometric analysis. Journal of Hydrology, 128694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128694

  • Yu, Z., Yonghui, S., Jian, W., Shugang, H., & Qiujn, X. (2021). 70 Years’ Governance Process of Haihe River. Research of Environmental Sciences, 34(06):1347–1358. https://doi.org/10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2021.01.08

  • Zhang, D., & Wang, Y. (2020). Tianjin Binhai New Area Statistical Yearbook 2020. China Statistics Press.

  • Živanović, V., Jemcov, I., Dragišić, V., Atanacković, N., & Magazinović, S. (2016). Karst groundwater source protection based on the time-dependent vulnerability assessment model: Crnica springs case study. Eastern Serbia. Environmental Earth Sciences, 75(17), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-6018-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Danyuan Luo, Chuanming Ma & Yang Qiu

  2. Cores and Samples Centre of Natural Resources, Langfang, 065201, China

    Zechen Zhang

  3. IE Geological Environmental Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430034, China

    Liang Wang

Authors
  1. Danyuan Luo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Chuanming Ma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yang Qiu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Zechen Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Liang Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Danyuan LUO wrote the main manuscript text, Chuanming MA and Yang QIU revised the manuscript, and Zechen Zhang and Liang WANG prepared Figs. 5 and 6. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chuanming Ma.

Ethics declarations

Ethical approval

We have no conflicts of interest to disclose. And we have read and understood your journal’s policies on copyright, ethics, etc., and believe that neither the manuscript nor the study violates any of these.

Consent to participate

All authors listed have approved the manuscript.

Consent to publish

There was no conflict of interest in the submission of this manuscript, and all authors approved the manuscript for publication.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Luo, D., Ma, C., Qiu, Y. et al. Groundwater vulnerability assessment using AHP-DRASTIC-GALDIT comprehensive model: a case study of Binhai New Area, Tianjin, China. Environ Monit Assess 195, 268 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-10894-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-10894-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation