Abstract
Ascochyta blights are major diseases of many legumes and an emerging disease in many areas in which common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is grown. Ascochyta blight symptoms in bean can be caused by three fungus species. We investigated the species that caused ascochyta blight symptoms in bean crops from northern Spain using species-specific molecular markers and analysis of their nucleotide sequences. Results suggested that the two local isolates analyzed may correspond to the specie Phoma exigua var. diversispora. The variation in the reaction of common bean germplasm against a local isolate was also investigated in controlled conditions and was scored using a 1–9 severity scale. A total of 200 accessions from a core collection, 89 breeding lines and 11 accessions of Phaseolus coccineus L. were screened to identify potential sources of resistance. Most Phaseolus coccineus accessions showed higher levels of resistance (score < 5) while most Phaseolus vulgaris accessions and breeding lines had low levels (score > 5). However, five breeding lines and 17 accessions exhibited moderate resistance after five resistance tests, with variation in the response of seedlings within accessions. Thus, five lines were obtained by self-pollination from each of the 17 selected accessions. Evaluation of these lines revealed significant variation within lines derived from two accessions and allowed verification of the high level of resistance in lines derived from three accessions. Finally, the lines with higher levels of resistance identified in previous evaluations were tested in three additional tests. The lines UI465, BGE04435–22 and BGE04453–4 revealed resistance levels not significantly different from the best Phaseolus coccineus accession included in this study (score < 3.5). The identified resistance sources could be used in the in the short term to increase the level of resistance to ascochyta blight in specific bean genotypes or for development of new resistant genotypes by pyramiding of genes.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by grant RTA2012-0052-00-00 from INIA-Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spanish Government and European Regional Development Fund. A Campa is recipient of a salary from the Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria INIA-CCAA (DOC-INIA), Spain. We thank M. Sanz and M. Bueno for their technical assistance on this study.
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Suppl. 1
Fig. 1 ESM. Alignment of nucleotide sequences obtained for a segment of the Actin gene in the monosporic isolates Ph002 and Ph154 and two accessions used by Aveskamp et al. (2009) belonging to the Phoma exigua complex: Phoma exigua var. exigua (EU880854.1) and Phoma exigua var. diversispora (EU880863.1). New sequences corresponding fragments of Actin gene were deposited at the GenBank under the following accession numbers: IT1893163 (isolate Ph002) and IT1893176 (isolate Ph154). (JPEG 3.80 mb)
ESM 2
Table 1 ESM Results obtained in the evaluation of 300 materials against the Ph002 isolate of Phoma exigua var. diversispora. N. tests, total of evaluated seedlings and average scores are indicated for each accession or line. Lines AB136, Cornell 49,242 and MDRK as well as Phaseolus coccineus accession V387 were included in all resistance tests as controls. (PDF 292 kb)
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Ferreira, J.J., Campa, A. & Pérez-Vega, E. Variation in the response to ascochyta blight in common bean germplasm. Eur J Plant Pathol 146, 977–985 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-016-0974-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-016-0974-y