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Multiple factors mediate insecticide toxicity to a key predator for cotton insect pest management

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Abstract

Mortality of agricultural pests caused by arthropod predators is a valuable ecosystem service for crop production. The earwig, Euborellia annulipes (Lucas), attacks different pest species in various crop ecosystems, including larvae and pupae of the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis (Boh.). In this study, multiple factors were assessed to measure the selectivity of insecticides used against sap-sucking and chewing cotton pests for two E. annulipes populations. Nymphs and adults of E. annulipes were exposed to the insecticides in two ways: ingestion of contaminated prey, and contact with dried residues on either inert surfaces or treated plants bearing prey. Pymetrozine, chlorantraniliprole, and spinetoram had little effect on the predator regardless the tested earwig population, life stage with developmental time and survival, or the route of exposure (ingestion and residual). Cyantraniliprole dried-residue impeded nymph to complete development and only 27% of adults survived until 20 days after exposure. Pyriproxyfen was harmless through acute toxicity to nymphs and adult earwigs (70–100% survival 72 h after exposure), but prevented normal development of nymphs to adults causing chronic toxicity. Chlorfenapyr, indoxacarb, lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, and malathion were harmful to the predator regardless life stage or method of exposure. The negative impact of thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin and indoxacarb was diminished when exposure occurred on plants with predator allowed to shelter in the soil. The results indicate that insecticide selectivity outcome varies by the insecticide, predator life stage and the predator’s behavior. Therefore, testing different predator life stages via several routes of exposure, without denying the insect the opportunity to engage in its normal behavior can provide better estimates of insecticide selectivity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the “Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) as source of research funding (No. 420815/2018-0) and the research grant No. 303445/2020-3 for JBT, and to the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) through the program CAPES PROEX-PPGEA. Also, to Roy Van Driesche, from University of Massachusetts, we are thankful for corrections and suggestions addressed on an earlier draft of this manuscript improving it deeply.

Author contributions

DMP: Investigation, analysis, writing. AVAM: Investigation, writing. PRRB: Conceptualization, writing. JBT: Conceptualization, investigation, writing, funding acquisition, and revisions made by reviewers. All authors read, corrected, and approved the final version.

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  1. Departamento de Agronomia-Entomologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil

    Denner Manthay Potin, Anderson Vinnicius Arruda Machado & Jorge Braz Torres

  2. Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucurí - Campus Unaí, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias. Av. Universitária, no. 1000, 38610000, Unaí, MG, Brazil

    Paulo Roberto Ramos Barbosa

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  1. Denner Manthay Potin
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Correspondence to Jorge Braz Torres.

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Potin, D.M., Machado, A.V.A., Barbosa, P.R.R. et al. Multiple factors mediate insecticide toxicity to a key predator for cotton insect pest management. Ecotoxicology 31, 490–502 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-022-02526-6

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