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Effects of a multicomponent physical activity behavior change intervention on breast cancer survivor health status outcomes in a randomized controlled trial

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Abstract

Little is known about the effects of physical activity behavior change interventions on health outcomes such as lower extremity dysfunction and SF-36 physical health (predictor of mortality) in breast cancer survivors. Furthermore, effect moderators are rarely reported. Therefore, we report the effects of the 3-month BEAT Cancer physical activity behavior change intervention on global health status and health indicators along with moderators of intervention outcomes. Postprimary treatment breast cancer survivors (n = 222) were randomized to BEAT Cancer or usual care (UC). SF-36, muscle strength, body mass index, lower extremity dysfunction (WOMAC), and life satisfaction were measured at 3 months (M3) and 6 months (M6). At M3, adjusted linear mixed-model analyses demonstrated statistically significant effects of BEAT Cancer versus UC on SF-36 physical health [mean between-group difference (M) = 2.1; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.3–3.9; p = 0.023], SF-36 mental health (M = 5.2; CI 2.8–7.6; p < 0.001), and all SF-36 subscores. Intervention benefits occurred for lower extremity physical dysfunction (M = −2.7; CI −5.0 to −0.5; p = 0.018), WOMAC total (M = −3.7; CI −6.7 to −0.6; p = 0.018), and life satisfaction (M = 2.4; CI 0.9–3.9; p = 0.001). Statistically significant effects persisted at M6 for mental health and vitality. Baseline value, income, marital status, cancer treatment, cancer stage, and months since diagnosis moderated one or more outcomes. BEAT Cancer improves SF-36, WOMAC, and life satisfaction outcomes with improvements in vitality and mental well-being continuing 3 months postintervention. Several moderators with potential to guide targeting individuals for optimal intervention benefit warrant further study.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the contributions of Robert Mocharnuk, MD, Karen Hoelzer, MD, Sara Mansfield, MS, Amanda Fogleman, MEng, Ruth Sosnoff, PhD, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine Center for Clinical Research, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign kinesiology graduate students and assistants, and the University of Alabama at Birmingham Nutrition Obesity Research Center Physical Activity core. This project was supported by National Institutes of Health grants R01CA136859, P30DK056336, and R25CA47888. Kerry S. Courneya is supported by the Canada Research Chairs Program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-3360, USA

    Laura Q. Rogers & Stephen J. Carter

  2. Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Kerry S. Courneya

  3. Department of Kinesiology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, USA

    Philip M. Anton

  4. Statistics and Research Informatics Core, Center for Clinical Research, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA

    Steven Verhulst & Randall S. Robbs

  5. Department of Psychiatry, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA

    Sandra K. Vicari

  6. Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA

    Edward McAuley

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  1. Laura Q. Rogers
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  2. Kerry S. Courneya
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  8. Edward McAuley
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Correspondence to Laura Q. Rogers.

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All contributing authors declare they have no personal or professional relationships that may represent a potential conflict of interest.

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All procedures, including the informed consent process, were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00929617.

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Rogers, L.Q., Courneya, K.S., Carter, S.J. et al. Effects of a multicomponent physical activity behavior change intervention on breast cancer survivor health status outcomes in a randomized controlled trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat 159, 283–291 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-016-3945-2

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