Abstract
To investigate the effect of different planting dates and irrigation regimes on six canola cultivars, a 2-year (2014–2016) experiment was conducted at the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute of Karaj. The experiments were conducted as the factorial split-plot in a randomized complete block design including six canola cultivars (Gabriella, Brutus, Triangle, Marathon, Danube, and Natali), two irrigation regimes (fully irrigated and irrigation termination at the flowering stage) and two planting dates (October 1 and November 1). The results showed that irrigation termination from the flowering stage prevented the supply of required material for filling the seeds and the metabolism of the seed compounds and reduced the growth period of the seed. Therefore, a reduction was observed in the content of oleic and linoleic acids and proline. Also, water deficit stress caused an increase in the glucosinolate content of the seed. The response of canola cultivars was different in terms of fatty acids, so that the Natali cultivar had higher palmitic, oleic acids, and proline content compared to the other cultivars at both planting dates. Fully irrigated treatment and planting date of October 1 produced the highest amount of seed and oil yield (4659 and 2073 kg ha−1), palmitic acid (5.5%), and proline (22.7 μmol/g) content, and the lowest glucosinolate content (13.2 mg/g). Generally, the Natali cultivar and planting date of October 1 and the fully irrigated regime are highly recommended in the studied area regarding qualitative traits and yield of canola.
Zusammenfassung
Um die Auswirkungen verschiedener Pflanztermine und Bewässerungsregime auf sechs Rapssorten zu untersuchen, wurde ein zweijähriger Versuch (2014–2016) am Seed and Plant Improvement Institute in Karaj, Iran, durchgeführt. Die Experimente wurden als faktorielles Split-Plot-Design in einer randomisierten vollständigen Blockanlage mit sechs Rapssorten (Gabriella, Brutus, Triangle, Marathon, Danube und Natali), zwei Bewässerungsregimen (Vollbewässerung und Beendigung der Bewässerung in der Blütephase) und zwei Pflanzterminen (1. Oktober und 1. November) durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die Beendigung der Bewässerung zum Zeitpunkt der Blüte die Versorgung mit den für die Samenfüllung und den Stoffwechsel der Samenbestandteile erforderlichen Stoffe beeinträchtigt und die Wachstumszeit der Samen verkürzt. So wurde eine Verringerung des Gehalts an Öl- und Linolsäure sowie Prolin beobachtet. Außerdem führte der Wasserdefizitstress zu einem Anstieg des Glucosinolatgehalts in den Samen. Die Rapssorten reagierten unterschiedlich im Hinblick auf die Fettsäuren, so wies die Sorte Natali im Vergleich zu den anderen Sorten bei beiden Pflanzterminen einen höheren Gehalt an Palmitinsäure, Ölsäuren und Prolin auf. Die Vollbewässerung und der Pflanztermin 1. Oktober erbrachten den höchsten Samen- und Ölertrag (4659 und 2073 kg ha−1), den höchsten Gehalt an Palmitinsäure (5,5 %) und Prolin (22,7 μmol/g) und den niedrigsten Glucosinolatgehalt (13,2 mg/g). Generell sind die Sorte Natali und der Pflanztermin 1. Oktober sowie die Vollbewässerung im untersuchten Gebiet hinsichtlich der qualitativen Merkmale und des Ertrags von Raps sehr zu empfehlen.
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A. Khalatbari, A. Shirani Rad, S.A. Valadabady, S. Sayfzadeh and H. Zakerin declare that they have no competing interests.
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Khalatbari, A., Shirani Rad, A., Valadabady, S.A. et al. Yield Components and Fatty Acids Variation of Canola Cultivars Under Different Irrigation Regimes and Planting Dates. Gesunde Pflanzen 74, 17–27 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00585-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00585-z