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Interesting effects of interleukins and immune cells on acute respiratory distress syndrome

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Abstract

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a medical condition characterized by widespread inflammation in the lungs with consequent proportional loss of gas exchange function. ARDS is linked with severe pulmonary or systemic infection. Several factors, including secretory cytokines, immune cells, and lung epithelial and endothelial cells, play a role in the development and progression of this disease. The present study is based on Pubmed database information (1987–2022) using the words "Acute respiratory distress syndrome", "Interleukin", "Cytokines" and "Immune cells". Cytokines and immune cells play an important role in this disease, with particular emphasis on the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors. Neutrophils are one of several important mediators of Inflammation, lung tissue destruction, and malfunction during ARDS. Some immune cells, such as macrophages and eosinophils, play a dual role in releasing inflammatory mediators, recruitment inflammatory cells and the progression of ARDS, or releasing anti-inflammatory mediators, clearing the lung of inflammatory cells, and helping to improve the disease. Different interleukins play a role in the development or inhibition of ARDS by helping to activate various signaling pathways, helping to secrete other inflammatory or anti-inflammatory interleukins, and playing a role in the production and balance between immune cells involved in ARDS. As a result, immune cells and, inflammatory cytokines, especially interleukins play an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease Therefore, understanding the relevant mechanisms will help in the proper diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank all our colleagues in Allied Health Sciences School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Najmaldin Saki

  2. Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO), Tehran, Iran

    Mohammadreza Javan

  3. Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 61357-15794, Iran

    Bahareh Moghimian-Boroujeni

  4. IIAIGC Study Center, Burlington, VT, USA

    Richard Eric Kast

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  1. Najmaldin Saki
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  2. Mohammadreza Javan
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  3. Bahareh Moghimian-Boroujeni
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  4. Richard Eric Kast
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BM conceived the manuscript and revised it; RK, NS, MJ wrote the manuscript and MJ prepared the figures and tables.

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Correspondence to Bahareh Moghimian-Boroujeni or Richard Eric Kast.

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Saki, N., Javan, M., Moghimian-Boroujeni, B. et al. Interesting effects of interleukins and immune cells on acute respiratory distress syndrome. Clin Exp Med 23, 2979–2996 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-023-01118-w

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