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Utilization of Linz–Donawitz slag from steel industry for waste minimization

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Abstract

The Linz–Donawitz (LD) slag is an industrial waste generated in Linz–Donawitz process of steel making. It is not gaining importance in construction industry because of its volume instability, and presence of excessive phosphorous and sulphur content. Suitable accelerated ageing and masking of harmful materials can improve the engineering properties of LD slag. The research shows that it is possible to use LD slag in sustainable construction applications including cementitious binders, aggregates in pavement and concretes, building products, soil improvement, etc. However, its use is presently limited to 25% of the total quantity generated and the rest is dumped as landfill. Thus, there is a strong need to review the available literature to explore the gainful utilization of LD slag in various applications. Aim of this paper is to highlight the potential of LD slag for a broad range of applications based on the published research over the past decade along with the recent research and developments. Physico-mechanical properties, microscopic characteristics, and mineralogical composition of LD slag observed in various studies are also reported. Efficacies of LD slag utilization in construction are also presented. This paper also discusses current challenges for its usage.

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Acknowledgements

The paper forms part of research and development project at CSIR-Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee under financial assistance from Ministry of Steel, Government of India (Grant No. 11(24)/GBS/2017-TD).

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  1. CSIR-Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India

    S. K. Singh, P. Rekha & M. Surya

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  1. S. K. Singh
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Singh, S.K., Rekha, P. & Surya, M. Utilization of Linz–Donawitz slag from steel industry for waste minimization. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 22, 611–627 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-020-00981-z

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