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Molecular characterization of a divergent genetic variant of wheat Eqlid mosaic virus from a Texas wheat field

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Abstract

Investigations conducted during the spring 2020 season to diagnose the associated viral agent of a severe mosaic disease of wheat in a Texas Panhandle field revealed the presence of wheat Eqlid mosaic virus (WEqMV; genus Tritimovirus, family Potyviridae) in the analyzed samples. The complete genome sequences of two WEqMV isolates were determined, and each was found to be 9,634 nucleotides (nt) in length (excluding the polyA tail) and to contain 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions of 135 nt and 169 nt, respectively, based on rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) assays. Both sequences contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 9,330 nt encoding a polyprotein of 3,109 amino acids (aa). The ORF sequences of the two isolates were 100% identical to each other, but only 74.7% identical to that of the exemplar WEqMV-Iran isolate, with 85.7% aa sequence identity in the encoded polyprotein. The Texas WEqMV isolates also diverged significantly from WEqMV-Iran in the individual proteins at the nt and aa levels. This is the first report of WEqMV in the United States and the first report of this virus outside of Iran, indicating an expansion of its geographical range.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Texas Wheat Producers Board. The first author acknowledges the Community Network for African Vector-Borne Plant Viruses (CONNECTED), Bristol University, United Kingdom, Training Voucher Award for training on the use of high-throughput sequencing for the routine diagnosis and detection of plant viruses and viroids at the Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA. We are grateful to the anonymous crop consultant for help with field evaluation and sample collection.

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Author notes

  1. John O. Oladokun and Ashrafou Ouro-Djobo contributed equally to this study.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, 78596, Weslaco, TX, USA

    John O. Oladokun, Ashrafou Ouro-Djobo, Cecilia Villegas & Olufemi J. Alabi

  2. Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, 79106, Amarillo, TX, USA

    Ken Obasa

  3. Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, 95616, Davis, USA

    Maher Al Rwahnih & Minsook Hwang

Authors
  1. John O. Oladokun
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  2. Ashrafou Ouro-Djobo
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  4. Maher Al Rwahnih
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  6. Cecilia Villegas
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  7. Olufemi J. Alabi
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Contributions

Olufemi J. Alabi, Ken Obasa, and Maher Al Rwahnih contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by John O. Oladokun, Ashrafou Ouro-Djobo, Minsook Hwang, and Cecilia Villegas. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Olufemi J. Alabi, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Olufemi J. Alabi.

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All of the authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; writing of the manuscript; or decision to publish the results.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Communicated by Massimo Turina

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Supplementary Material 1

Supplementary Table S1

: The predicted proteinase cleavage sites in the polyproteins of isolates of wheat Eqlid mosaic virus (WEqMV) and some tritimoviruses

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Oladokun, J.O., Ouro-Djobo, A., Obasa, K. et al. Molecular characterization of a divergent genetic variant of wheat Eqlid mosaic virus from a Texas wheat field. Arch Virol 168, 236 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-023-05854-y

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