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Pt Nanodot Inlaid Mesoporous NaBiOF Nanoblackberry for Remarkable Signal Amplification Toward Biomarker Detection

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Abstract

A new ultrasensitive sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor has been successfully constructed to quantitatively detect carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) using blackberry-like mesoporous bismuth-based nanospheres NaBiOF (NBOF NSs) inlaid with Pt nanodots (NDs) (BiPt NSs) as the antibody capture and signal-amplifying probe. The growth of Pt NDs inside the holes of NBOF NSs formed the nanozyme inlay outside NBOF NSs, greatly increasing the specific surface area and exposure of the catalytic active sites by minimizing the particle size of the Pt to nanodot scale. Such a blackberry-shaped heterojunction structure of BiPt NSs was well-suited to antibody capture and improved the catalytic performance of BiPt NSs in reducing H2O2, amplifying the signal, and yielding highly sensitive detection of CEA. The use of Au nanoparticle-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Au@MWCNTs) as the electrode substrates significantly enhanced the electron transfer behavior over the electrode surface, further increasing the conductivity and sensitivity of the immunosensor. Remarkably, good compatibility with human body fluid was achieved using the newly developed BiPt-based immunosensor resulting from the favorable biocompatibility and stability of both BiPt NSs and Au@MWCNTs. Benefiting from the double signal amplification strategy and the high biocompatibility, the immunosensor responded linearly to CEA in a wide range from 50 fg/mL to 100 ng/ml with an extremely low detection limit of 3.52 fg/mL (S/N = 3). The excellent detection properties of this new immunosensor were evidenced by the satisfactory selectivity, reproducibility, and stability obtained, as well as the reliable and precise determination  of CEA in actual human blood samples. This work provides a new strategy for the early clinical diagnosis of cancer.

Graphical Abstract

Novel blackberry-like mesoporous NaBiOF nanospheres with Pt nanodot inlay were successfully usedto construct a sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor for the ultra-sensitive detection ofcarcinoembryonic antigen in human blood plasma based on a remarkable signal amplification strategy.

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Acknowledgement

This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (19ZR1434800), Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, Clinical research project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (201940078), and Scientific research program of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (21140903200). The authors greatly appreciated this support.

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Author notes

  1. Ruizhuo Ouyang, Weilun Zhang, Jinyao Liu, Yuhao Li and Jing Zhang contributed equally to this work as co-first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China

    Ruizhuo Ouyang, Weilun Zhang, Jinyao Liu, Yuhao Li, Jing Zhang, Lan Jiang, Yuefeng Zhao, Hui Wang, Chenyu Dai & Yuqing Miao

  2. USST-UH International Joint Laboatory for Tumor Diagnosis and Energy Treatment, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China

    Ruizhuo Ouyang, Weilun Zhang, Jinyao Liu, Yuhao Li, Jing Zhang, Lan Jiang, Yuefeng Zhao, Hui Wang, Chenyu Dai, Abel Ibrahim Balbín Tamayo, Baolin Liu & Yuqing Miao

  3. Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, 10400, Havana, Cuba

    Abel Ibrahim Balbín Tamayo

  4. School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China

    Baolin Liu

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  1. Ruizhuo Ouyang
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Ouyang, R., Zhang, W., Liu, J. et al. Pt Nanodot Inlaid Mesoporous NaBiOF Nanoblackberry for Remarkable Signal Amplification Toward Biomarker Detection. Microchim Acta 190, 214 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-023-05789-w

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