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Allylthiourea functionalized magnetic adsorbent for the extraction of cadmium, copper and lead ions prior to their determination by atomic absorption spectrometry

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Abstract

A quick and sensitive method was developed for the trace determination of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions in water and bean samples. It is based on a combination of magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Allylthiourea (which contains abundant sulfur and nitrogen atoms) was copolymerized with ethylene dimethacrylate on the surface of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles to prepare a new adsorbent for use in MSPE. Various technologies were used to characterize the morphology, spectroscopic and magnetic properties of the adsorbent, and several parameters that affect the extraction performance were optimized. The adsorbent can enrich Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions via chelation interaction. Following elution with 0.1 mol·L−1 HNO3, the ions were quantified by GFAAS. Under the most favorable conditions, the limits of detection are from 3.3–7.2 ng·L−1 for water samples, and 1.1–1.5 μg·kg−1 for beans. The method displays wide linear analytical ranges and good precision. It was successfully applied to the determination of the metal ions in water and bean samples. The recoveries from spiked samples ranged between 80.5 and 114% in water, and from 82.2 to 118% in bean samples. The relative standard deviations of reproducibility were < 10%.

Schematic presentation of the magetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) for the analysis of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II). MNP: magnetic nanoparticles; ATED: allylthiourea ethylene dimethacrylate copolymer

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant: 21777133, 21577111); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant: 20720180107, 20720180108).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems; Center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, P. O. Box 1009, Xiamen, 361005, China

    Youfang Huang, Jinghe Peng & Xiaojia Huang

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  1. Youfang Huang
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  2. Jinghe Peng
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  3. Xiaojia Huang
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Correspondence to Xiaojia Huang.

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Huang, Y., Peng, J. & Huang, X. Allylthiourea functionalized magnetic adsorbent for the extraction of cadmium, copper and lead ions prior to their determination by atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchim Acta 186, 51 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-018-3101-2

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