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Voltammetric immunosensor for human chorionic gonadotropin using a glassy carbon electrode modified with silver nanoparticles and a nanocomposite composed of graphene, chitosan and ionic liquid, and using riboflavin as a redox probe

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop an electrochemical immunoassay system to detect of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The immunosensor was constructed by covalent immobilization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) onto a nanocomposite containing graphene, chitosan (Chit) and 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate as ionic liquid (IL). Silver nanoparticles were used as a linker to immobilize hCG antibody onto the modified electrode. The amino groups of the antibody were covalently attached to an AgNP/g-IL-Chit nanocomposite. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were employed to characterize the assembly process of the immunosensor. Riboflavin was used as the redox probe. Differential pulse voltammetry demonstrated that the formation of antibody–antigen complexes decreases the peak current of redox pair at the AgNP/Gr-IL-Chit/GCE (at a working potential of −0.38 V). The signal changes of riboflavin are used to detect hCG with broad response ranges from 0.0212 to 530 mIU.mL−1 and a low detection limit of 0.0066 ± 0.02 mIU.mL−1.

The nanocomposite was prepared by mixing ionic liquid (IL), chitosan (Chit) and graphene (Gr). Some of nanocomposite was placed on the electrode surface and then silver nanoparticle was pipetted onto the surface of it. Anti-hCG was dropped onto the surface of the modified electrode and finally the electrode was incubated in bovine serum albumin (BSA).

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Acknowledgments

The financial support of Ilam University is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Ilam University, P.O. Box 69315516, Ilam, Iran

    Mahmoud Roushani & Akram Valipour

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  1. Mahmoud Roushani
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  2. Akram Valipour
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Correspondence to Mahmoud Roushani.

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The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest with any financial organization regarding the material discussed in the manuscript.

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Roushani, M., Valipour, A. Voltammetric immunosensor for human chorionic gonadotropin using a glassy carbon electrode modified with silver nanoparticles and a nanocomposite composed of graphene, chitosan and ionic liquid, and using riboflavin as a redox probe. Microchim Acta 183, 845–853 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-015-1731-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-015-1731-1

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