Abstract
This paper presents various designs of the cantilever based piezoelectric energy harvester, which is excited using mechanical vibrations at the fixed end. By varying the geometries of the cantilever beam; higher stress, strain and consequently higher voltage and power could be attained from the same piezoelectric material. The analysis of energy harvesters were done using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3a. The stress, strain and frequency response of the beams were verified by analytical, numerical and experimental methods. The result shows that the inverted taper in thick and width and inverted taper in width types of beams generated 47.39% and 21.31% more power compared to the rectangular cantilever beam. The resonant frequency of the inverted taper in thick and width beam is 53.3% less than the rectangle beam.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baker J (2005) Alternative geometries for increasing power density in vibration energy scavenging. In: 3rd international energy conversion engineering conference 15–18 August 2005, San Fr Calif 1–12. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2005-5617
Baker J, Roundy S, Wright P (2005) Alternative geometries for increasing power density in vibration energy scavenging for wireless sensor networks. 3rd international energy conversion engineering conference 15–18 August 2005, San Francisco, California. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, pp 1–12
Chandrakasan A, Amirtharajah R, Goodman J, Rabiner W (1998) Trends in low power digital signal processing. In IEEE, pp 604–607
Damya A, AbbaspourSani E, Rezazadeh G (2018) An innovative piezoelectric energy harvester using clamped–clamped beam with proof mass for WSN applications. Microsyst Technol 1:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-018-3890-6
Eggborn T (2003) Analytical models to predict power harvesting with piezoelectric materials. Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
Goldschmidtboeing F, Woias P (2008) Characterization of different beam shapes for piezoelectric energy harvesting. J Micromech Microeng 18:104013. https://doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/18/10/104013
Hosseini R, Hamedi M (2015) Improvements in energy harvesting capabilities by using different shapes of piezoelectric bimorphs. J Micromech Microeng 25:125008. https://doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/25/12/125008
Hosseini R, Hamedi M (2016a) An investigation into resonant frequency of triangular V-shaped cantilever piezoelectric vibration energy harvester. J Solid Mech 8:560–567
Hosseini R, Hamedi M (2016b) Resonant frequency of bimorph triangular V-shaped piezoelectric cantilever energy harvester. J Comput Appl Res Mech Eng 6:65–73. https://doi.org/10.22061/JCARME.2016.521
Hosseini R, Hamedi M (2016c) An investigation into resonant frequency of trapezoidal V-shaped cantilever piezoelectric energy harvester. Microsyst Technol 22:1127–1134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-015-2583-7
Hosseini R, Nouri M (2016) Shape design optimization of unimorph piezoelectric cantilever energy harvester. J Solid Mech 47:247–259. https://doi.org/10.22059/JCAMECH.2017.224975.126
Hosseini R, Hamedi M, Ebrahimi Mamaghani A et al (2017a) Parameter identification of partially covered piezoelectric cantilever power scavenger based on the coupled distributed parameter solution. Int J Smart Nano Mater 8:110–124. https://doi.org/10.1080/19475411.2017.1343754
Hosseini R, Hamedi M, Im J et al (2017b) Analytical and experimental investigation of partially covered piezoelectric cantilever energy harvester. Int J Precis Eng Manuf 18:415–424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-017-0050-3
Hosseini R, Zargar O, Hamedi M (2018) Improving power density of piezoelectric vibration-based energy scavengers. J Solid Mech 10:98–109
IEEE (1996) Publication and Proposed Revision of ANSI/IEEE Standard 176–1987 “ANSI/IEEE Standard on Piezoelectricity"”. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control 43:717. https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.1996.535477
Jin L, Gao S, Zhou X, Zhang G (2017) The effect of different shapes of cantilever beam in piezoelectric energy harvesters on their electrical output. Microsyst Technol 23:4805–4814. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-016-3261-0
Khurmi RS, Gupta JK (2005) Theory of machines. Eurasia Publishing House, New Delhi
Kim S, Clark WW, Wang Q-M (2005) Piezoelectric energy harvesting with a clamped circular plate: experimental study. J Intell Mater Syst Struct 16:855–863. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X05054043
Liao Y, Sodano HA (2012) Optimal placement of piezoelectric material on a cantilever beam for maximum piezoelectric damping and power harvesting efficiency. Smart Mater Struct 21:105014. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/21/10/105014
Mateu L, Moll F (2005) Optimum piezoelectric bending beam structures for energy harvesting using shoe inserts. J Intell Mater Syst Struct 16:835–845. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X05055280
Matova SP, Renaud M, Jambunathan M et al (2013) Effect of length/width ratio of tapered beams on the performance of piezoelectric energy harvesters. Smart Mater Struct 22:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/22/7/075015
Md Ralib AA, Nordin AN, Othman R, Salleh H (2011) Design, simulation and fabrication of piezoelectric micro generators for aero acoustic applications. Microsyst Technol 17:563–573. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-011-1228-8
Mossi K, Green C, Ounaies Z, Hughes E (2005) Harvesting energy using a thin unimorph prestressed bender: geometrical effects. J Intell Mater Syst Struct 16:249–261. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X05050008
Nabavi S, Zhang L (2017) Design and optimization of piezoelectric MEMS vibration energy harvesters based on genetic algorithm. IEEE Sens J 17:7372–7382. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2017.2756921
Paquin S, St-Amant Y (2010) Improving the performance of a piezoelectric energy harvester using a variable thickness beam. Smart Mater Struct 19:105020. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/19/10/105020
Park J, Lee S, Kwak BM (2012) Design optimization of piezoelectric energy harvester subject to tip excitation. J Mech Sci Technol 26:137–143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-011-0910-1
Rami Reddy A, Umapathy M, Ezhilarasi D, Gandhi U (2016) Improved energy harvesting from vibration by introducing cavity in a cantilever beam. J Vib Control 22:3057–3066. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077546314558498
Rosa M, De Marqui Junior C (2014) Modeling and analysis of a piezoelectric energy harvester with varying cross-sectional area. Shock Vib 2014:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/930503
Rouhollah Hosseini MH (2015) Study of the resonant frequency of unimorph triangular V-shaped piezoelectric cantilever energy harvester. Int J Adv Des Manuf Technol 8(75):82
Roundy S, Wright PK (2004) A piezoelectric vibration based generator for wireless electronics. Smart Mater Struct 13:1131–1142. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/13/5/018
Roundy S, Wright PK, Rabaey J (2003) A study of low level vibrations as a power source for wireless sensor nodes. Comput Commun 26:1131–1144. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-3664(02)00248-7
Salmani H, Rahimi GH, Kordkheili SAH (2015) An exact analytical solution to exponentially tapered piezoelectric energy harvester. Shock Vib 2015:1–13
Timoshenko S (1940) Strength of materials part 1, 2nd edn. D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc, Princeton
Zhou X, Gao S, Jin L et al (2018) Effects of changing PZT length on the performance of doubly-clamped piezoelectric energy harvester with different beam shapes under stochastic excitation. Microsyst Technol 24:3799–3813. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-018-3845-y
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pradeesh, E.L., Udhayakumar, S. Investigation on the geometry of beams for piezoelectric energy harvester. Microsyst Technol 25, 3463–3475 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-018-4220-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-018-4220-8