Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Macro- and microclimate conditions may alter grapevine deacclimation: variation in thermal amplitude in two contrasting wine regions from North and South America

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
International Journal of Biometeorology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Low temperature is a limiting factor that affects vineyard distribution globally. The level of cold hardiness acquired during the dormant season by Vitis sp. is crucial for winter survival. Most research published on this topic has been generated beyond 40° N latitude, where daily mean temperatures may attain injurious levels during the dormant season resulting in significant damage to vines and buds. Symptoms of cold injury have been identified in Mendoza (32–35° S latitude), a Southern Hemisphere wine region characterized by a high thermal amplitude, and warm winds during the dormant season. These symptoms have usually been attributed to drought and/or pathogens, but not to rapid deacclimation followed by injurious low temperatures. Because local information on meteorological events as probable causes is scarce, this research was designed to test and study this assumption by comparing macro-, meso-, and microclimatic data from Mendoza, Argentina, and eastern Washington, USA. The goal was to unveil why freezing damage has occurred in both regions, despite the existence of large climatic differences. Because environmental parameters under field conditions may not correspond to data recorded by conventional weather stations, sensors were installed in vineyards for comparison. Microclimatic conditions on grapevines were also evaluated to assess the most vulnerable portions of field-grown grapevines. In order to better understand if it may be possible to modify cold hardiness status in a short period with high thermal amplitude conditions, deacclimation was induced using a thermal treatment. Hence, despite the fact that Mendoza is warmer, and temperatures are not as extreme as in Washington, high daily thermal amplitude might be partially involved in plant deacclimation, leading to a differential cold hardiness response.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ancapichun S, Garcés-Vargas J (2015) Variability of the Southeast Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone and its impact on sea surface temperature off north-central Chile. Ciencias Mar 41:1–20. doi:10.7773/cm.v41i1.2338

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andrews PK, Sandidge CR, Toyama TK (1984) Deep supercooling of dormant and deacclimating vitis buds. Am J Enol Vitic 35:175–177

    Google Scholar 

  • Battany M, Smith R, Tindula G, Snyder R (2012) Measuring springtime temperature inversion conditions for estimating the potential of wind machines for frost protection. Amer Soc Enology Viticulture 63(3):456A–456A

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernstein L, Bosch P, Canziani O, Chen Z, Christ R, Riahi K (2008) IPCC, 2007: climate change 2007: synthesis report. Geneva: IPCC. ISBN 2-9169-122-4

  • Bianchi AR, Yáñez CE (1992) Las Precipitaciones en el Noroeste Argentino, 2nd edn. INTA EEA, Salta

    Google Scholar 

  • Blennow K (1998) Modelling minimum air temperature in partially and clear felled forests. Agric For Meteorol 91(3):223–235

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brusky Odneal M (1983) Winter bud injury of grapevines 1981–1982. Fruit Varieties J 37(2):45–51

    Google Scholar 

  • Burgos J (2010) Las heladas en la Argentina. Minagri, 2nd edn. Ed. Orientación Gráfica, Buenos Aires

    Google Scholar 

  • Burrows A (1940) The Chinook wind. Or Hist Q 41(1):103–106

    Google Scholar 

  • Caretta A, Ortega A, Ortíz Maldonado A (2004) Probability of damage to vines, fruit and olive trees blossom by Zonda wind Mendoza, Argentina. Rev FCA UNCuyo 36:49–58

    Google Scholar 

  • Charrier G, Ameglio T (2011) The timing of leaf fall affects cold acclimation by interactions with air temperature through water and carbohydrate contents. Environ Exp Bot 72:351–357. doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2010.12.019

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Charrier G, Ngao J, Saudreau M, Améglio T (2015) Effects of environmental factors and management practices on microclimate, winter physiology, and frost resistance in trees. Front Plant Sci 6:1–18. doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.00259

    Google Scholar 

  • Cragin J, Serpe M, Keller M, Shellie K (2017) Dormancy and cold hardiness transitions in wine grape cultivars chardonnay and cabernet sauvignon. Am J Enol Vitic. doi:10.5344/ajev.2016.16078

  • Dambrorská M (1978) The effect of higher winter temperatures on changes of the frost resistance of grapevine buds. Vitis 17:341–349

    Google Scholar 

  • Di Rienzo JA, Guzman AW, Casanoves F (2002) A multiple-comparisons method based on the distribution of the root node distance of a binary tree. J Agric Biol Environ Stat 7:129–142. doi:10.1198/10857110260141193

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Di Rienzo, JA, Casanoves, F, Balzarini, MG, Gonzalez L, Tablada M, Robledo, CW (2016). InfoStat versión 2016. Grupo InfoStat, FCA, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. http://www.infostat.com.ar

  • Eagles CF (1989) Temperature-induced changes in cold tolerance of Lolium perenne. J Agric Sci 113:339–347. doi:10.1017/S0021859600070027

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Easterling D, Meehl G, Parmesan C, Changnon S, Karl T, Mearns L (2000) Climate extremes: observations, modeling and impacts. Science 289(5487):2068–2074. doi:10.1126/science.289.5487.2068

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Echarte M, Angeloni P, Jaimes F, Tognetti J, Izquierdo N, Valentinuz O, Aguirrezába L (2010) Night temperature and intercepted solar radiation additively contribute to oleic acid percentage in sunflower oil. Field Crops Res 119(1):27–35. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2010.06.011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fall S, Watts A, Nielsen-Gammon J, Jones E, Niyogi D, Christy J, Pielke R (2011) Analysis of the impacts of station exposure on the U.S. Historical Climatology Network temperatures and temperature trends. J Geophys Res 116:D14120. doi:10.1029/2010JD015146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farrell J (2010) Deacclimation response to winter temperature fluctuations in Lolium perenne. Graduate Theses and Dissertations. Paper 11831. Iowa State University

  • Fennell A (2004) Freezing tolerance and injury in grapevines. J Crop Improv 10(1–2):201–235. doi:10.1300/J411v10n01

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson J, Moyer M, Mills J, Hoogenboom G, Keller M (2014) Modeling dormant bud cold hardiness and budbreak in twenty-three Vitis genotypes reveals variation by region of origin. Am J Enol Vitic 65(1):59–71. doi:10.5344/ajev.2013.13098

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson J, Tarara J, Mills L, Grove G, Keller M (2011) Dynamic thermal time model of cold hardiness for dormant grapevine buds. Ann Bot Lond 107(3):389–396. doi:10.1093/aob/mcq263

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Friend AP, Trought MCT, Stushnoff C, Wells GH (2011) Effect of delaying budburst on shoot development and yield of Vitis vinifera L. Chardonnay ‘Mendoza’ after a spring freeze event. Aust J Grape Wine Res 17:378–382. doi:10.1111/j.1755-0238.2011.00162.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fuchigami LH, Weiser CJ, Kobayashi KD, Timmis R, Gusta V (1982) A degree growth stage (GS) model and cold acclimation in temperate woody plants. In: Li PH, Sakai A (eds) Plant cold hardiness and freezing stress. II Plant acclimation. Academic Press, New York, pp 93–116

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Gedalof ZE, Peterson DL, Mantua NJ (2005) Atmospheric, climatic, and ecological controls on extreme wildfire years in the northwestern United States. Ecol Appl 15(1):154–174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giantomasi M, Roig Junent F, Villagra P, Srur A (2009) Annual variation and influence of climate on the ring width and wood hydrosystem of Prosopis flexuosa DC trees using image analysis. Trees 23(1):117–126. doi:10.1007/s00468-008-0260-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goffinet M (2004) Anatomy of grapevine winter injury and recover. Cornell University Department of Horticultural Sciences, NY State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • Gu L, Hanson P, Mac Post W, Kaiser D, Yang B, Nemani R, Meyers T (2008) The 2007 eastern US spring freeze: increased cold damage in a warming world. Bioscience 58(3):253–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gu S, Ding P, Howard S (2002) Effect of temperature and exposure time on cold hardiness of primary buds during the dormant season in ‘Concord’, ‘Norton’, ‘Vignoles’ and ‘St. Vincent’ grapevines. J Hortic Sci Biotechnol 77:635–639

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gusta L, Wisniewski M (2013) Understanding plant cold hardiness: an opinion. Physiol Plant 147:4–14. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.2012.01611.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamman RA, Dami IE, Walsh TM, Stushnoff C (1996) Seasonal carbohydrate changes and cold hardiness of Chardonnay and Riesling grapevines. Am J Enol Vitic 47:31–36

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haynes CL, Lindstrom OM, Dirr MA (1992) Cooling and warming effects on cold hardiness estimations of three woody ornamental taxa. Hortscience 27(12):1308–1309

    Google Scholar 

  • Howell GS, Shaulis N (1980) Factors influencing within-vine variation in the cold resistance of cane and primary bud tissues. Am J Enol Vitic 31(2):158–161

    Google Scholar 

  • Hubackova M (1996) Dependence of grapevine bud cold hardiness on fluctuations in winter temperatures. Am J Enol Vitic 47:100–102

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang H, Howell GS (2002) Correlation and regression analyses of cold hardiness, air temperatures, and water content of Concord grapevines. Am J Enol Vitic 53:227–230

    Google Scholar 

  • Jordan D, Smith W (1995) Microclimate factors influencing the frequency and duration of growth season frost for subalpine plants. Agric For Meteorol 77(1):17–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kalberera S, Wisniewski M, Arora R (2006) Deacclimation and reacclimation of cold-hardy plants: current understanding and emerging concepts. Plant Sci 171(1):3–16. doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2006.02.013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keller M, Mills LJ (2007) Effect of pruning on recovery and productivity of cold-injured merlot grapevines. Am J Enol Vitic 58(3):351–357

    Google Scholar 

  • Leuning R, Cremer KW (1988) Leaf temperatures during radiation frost part I. Observations. Agric For Meteorol 42(2–3):121–133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levitt J (1980) Responses of plants to environmental stresses, Ed 2 edn. Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Mass C, Dotson B (2010) Major extratropical cyclones of the Northwest United States: historical review, climatology, and synoptic environment. Mon Weather Rev 138(7):2499–2527. doi:10.1175/2010MWR3213.1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paroschy JH, Meiering AG, Peterson RL, Hostetter G, Neff A (1980) Mechanical winter injury in grapevine trunks. Am J Enol Vitic 31(3):227–232

    Google Scholar 

  • Menne M, Williams C, Palecki M (2010) On the reliability of the U.S. surface temperature record. J Geophys Res 115:D11108. doi:10.1029/2009JD013094

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mills LJ, Ferguson JC, Keller M (2006) Cold-hardiness evaluation of grapevine buds and cane tissues. Am J Enol Vitic 57:194–200

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullins MG, Bouquet A, Williams LE (1992) Biology of the grapevine. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Norte F, Simonelli S (2016) Validation of a statistical forecast model for Zonda wind in West Argentina based on the vertical atmospheric structure. Atmos Clim Sci 6(1):35–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Okamoto G, Shippin W, Ken H (2000) Cold resistance in root and cane of own-root ‘Kyoho’ grapevines. Sci Rep Fac Agric Okayama Univ 89:23–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Pagter M, Arora R (2013) Winter survival and deacclimation of perennials under warming climate: physiological perspectives. Physiol Plant 147:75–87. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.2012.01650.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pagter M, Williams M (2011) Frost dehardening and rehardening of Hydrangea macrophylla stems and buds. Hortscience 46(8):1121–1126

    Google Scholar 

  • Proebsting EL, Ahmedullah M, Brummund V (1980) Seasonal changes in low temperature resistance of grape buds. Am J Enol Vitic 31:329–336

    Google Scholar 

  • Core Team R (2013) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna http://www.R-project.org/

    Google Scholar 

  • Renaud V, Rebetez M (2009) Comparison between open-site and below-canopy climatic conditions in Switzerland during the exceptionally hot summer of 2003. Agric For Meteorol 149(5):873–880. doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.11.006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson J (2006) The Oxford companion to wine, 3rd edn. Press, Oxford University

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubio S, Dantas D, Bressan-Smith R, Pérez F (2016) Relationship between endodormancy and cold hardiness in grapevine buds. J Plant Growth Regul 35(1):266–275. doi:10.1007/s00344-015-9531-8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sage R, Kubien D (2007) The temperature response of C3 and C4 photosynthesis. Plant Cell Environ 30:1086–1106. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01682.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakai A, Larcher W (1987) Frost survival of plants. Ecological Studies 62. Springer-Verlag, Berlin

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Steffen K, Arora R, Palta J (1989) Relative sensitivity of photosynthesis and respiration to freeze-thaw stress in herbaceous species importance of realistic freeze-thaw protocols. Plant Physiol 89(4):1372–1379

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tarara JM, Hoheisel GA (2007) Low-cost shielding to minimize radiation errors of temperature sensors in the field. Hortscience 42(6):1372–1379

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson K, Grime J, Mason G (1977) Seed germination in response to diurnal fluctuations of temperature. Nature 267(5607):147–149

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wample R, Wolf T (1996) Practical considerations that impact vine cold hardiness. In: Henick-Kling T, Wolf TE, Harkness EM (eds) Proc. 4th Intl. Symp.Cool Climate Viticulture and Enology. New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, pp 23–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Wisniewski M, Wolf T, Fuchigami L (1996) Biochemical and biophysical mechanisms of cold hardiness in woody plants. In: Henick-Kling T, Wolf TE, Harkness EM (eds) Proc. 4th Intl. Symp.Cool Climate Viticulture and Enology. New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, pp 14–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolf TK, Pool RM (1987) Factors affecting exotherm detection in the differential thermal analysis of grapevine dormant buds. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 112:520–525

  • Wolf TK, Cook MK (1992) Seasonal deacclimation patterns of three grape cultivars at constant, warm temperature. Am J Enol Vitic 43:171–179

    Google Scholar 

  • WRCC (2013) Western Regional Climate Center, Cooperative Climatological Data Summaries http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/climatedata/climsum/ . Accessed 4 January 2017

  • Xin Z, Browse J (2000) Cold comfort farm: the acclimation of plants to freezing temperatures. Plant Cell Environ 23:893–902

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zabadal TJ, Dami IE, Goffinet MC, Martinson T, Chien M (2007) Winter injury to grapevines and methods of protection. Mich State Univ Ext E2930:1–44. doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2005.11.004

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was funded by Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Argentina (ANPCyT), CONICET, and PRH 2007 (UNCuyo-AGENCIA). We thank the staff of the Vegetal Physiology Department and Biological Chemistry of Agronomy Faculty of UNCuyo Mendoza (especially Bruno Cavagnaro and Emiliano Malovini), Viticulture Laboratory of IAREC in Washington State (especially Lynn Mills, John Ferguson, and Allan Kawakami), Statistical Department of UNC Córdoba (especially Mónica Balzarini and Mariano Córdoba), INTA EEA Mendoza Ecophysiology and Viticulture Department (especially Jorge Perez Peña, Eugenia Galat Giorgi and Dante Gamboa), IANIGLA CCT-Mendoza (especially to Federico Gonzalez and Diego Araneo) for sharing their knowledge and technical support and to all the students that participated in our research.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Dendrocronología e Historia Ambiental, IANIGLA, CCT-CONICET-Mendoza, Av. Ruiz Leal s/n, Parque Gral. San Martín,, PO Box 5500, CC 330, Mendoza, Argentina

    Francisco Gonzalez Antivilo & Fidel Roig Juñent

  2. CIGEOBIO (FCEFyN, UNSJ/CONICET), Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (Oeste), J5402DCS, Rivadavia, San Juan, Argentina

    Rosalía Cristina Paz

  3. Department of Horticulture, Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Prosser, WA, 99350, USA

    Markus Keller

  4. Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Almirante Brown 500, Luján de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina

    Roberto Borgo

  5. Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal—Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina

    Jorge Tognetti

  6. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Jorge Tognetti

Authors
  1. Francisco Gonzalez Antivilo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Rosalía Cristina Paz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Markus Keller
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Roberto Borgo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jorge Tognetti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Fidel Roig Juñent
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Francisco Gonzalez Antivilo.

Electronic supplementary material

Supplementary Fig. 1

Meta analysis of 100 publications about cold hardiness in fruit trees around the world (GIF 35 kb)

High Resolution Image (TIFF 7436 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 2

Figure 2 Typical DTA profiles of low temperature exotherms (LTE), indicating lethal intracellular freezing, from two single TEM containing either five buds (lower plot) or two cane pieces (upper plot) of Malbec sampled on 23 Feb 2005, in Prosser, WA. High temperature exotherms (HTE), indicating nonlethal extracellular freezing, are shown to the right of the dashed -10°C line. © American Society for Enology and Viticulture. AJEV 57:194-200 (GIF 8 kb)

High Resolution Image (TIFF 1163 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Antivilo, F.G., Paz, R.C., Keller, M. et al. Macro- and microclimate conditions may alter grapevine deacclimation: variation in thermal amplitude in two contrasting wine regions from North and South America. Int J Biometeorol 61, 2033–2045 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-017-1400-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-017-1400-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation