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Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection among women presenting for cervical cancer screening in Chile, 2014–2015

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Abstract

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in women worldwide. In Chile, cervical cancer is the second leading cause of death among women of reproductive age, causing more than 600 deaths annually. This study was carried out to determine the burden and confirm the predominant human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes among women presenting for cervical cancer screening in public health services in Chile. Women aged 18–64 years residing in the north and central areas covered by six primary care centers of Santiago, Chile, were invited to participate from March 2014 to August 2015. Cervical swabs were examined both HPV genotyping by PCR and Reverse Line Blot, and cervical cytology by Pap testing. A total of 1738 women were included in this study: 11.1 % were HPV positive, 9.7 % were high-risk types positive, 3.2 % were low-risk types positive, 1.4 % were Pap positive and 0.9 % were positive by both tests. The four most predominant genotypes were 16, 66, 51 and 59, with prevalence of 2.8, 1.4, 1.2 and 1.2 %, respectively. Multiple HPV infections were detected among 3.8 % participants. Age-specific prevalence of HPV showed a peak in HPV infection at younger ages (≤30 years), declining to a plateau in middle age. Among women with normal cytology, the 9.4 % were HPV positive, while 58.3 % of women with abnormal cytology were HPV positive. These findings show new epidemiological data confirming HPV 16 and 66 as the most predominant genotypes in Chile. These data are important for design successful strategies for prevention of cervical cancer in Chile.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sección Virus Oncogénicos, Subdepto. de Enfermedades Virales, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Avenida Marathon 1000, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile

    Monserrat Balanda, Nicolás Vergara, Héctor San Martín & Eugenio Ramírez

  2. Departamento de Salud, Municipalidad de Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile

    Andrea Quiero, Gloria Espinoza & Giovanna Rojas

  3. Dirección de Atención Primaria, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Central, Santiago, Chile

    Andrea Quiero & Gloria Espinoza

  4. Programa de Virología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Eugenio Ramírez

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  1. Monserrat Balanda
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Balanda, M., Quiero, A., Vergara, N. et al. Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection among women presenting for cervical cancer screening in Chile, 2014–2015. Med Microbiol Immunol 205, 585–594 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00430-016-0473-y

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