Abstract
Main conclusion
Pectin methylesterase inhibitor gene family in the seven Rosaceae species (including three pear cultivars) is characterized and three pectin methylesterase inhibitor genes are identified to regulate pollen tube growth in pear.
Abstract
Pectin methylesterase inhibitor (PMEI) participates in a variety of biological processes in plants. However, the information and function of PMEI genes in Rosaceae are largely unknown. In this study, a total of 423 PMEI genes are identified in the genomes of seven Rosaceae species. The PMEI genes in pear are categorized into five subfamilies based on structural analysis and evolutionary analysis. WGD and TD are the main duplication events in the PMEI gene family of pear. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicates that PbrPMEI23, PbrPMEI39, and PbrPMEI41 are increasingly expressed during pear pollen tube growth. Under the treatment of recombinant proteins PbrPMEI23, PbrPMEI39 or PbrPMEI41, the content of methylesterified pectin at the region 5–20 μm from the pollen tube tip significantly increases, and the growth of pear pollen tubes is promoted. These results indicate that PMEI regulates the growth of pollen tubes by changing the distribution of methylesterified pectin in the apex.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772276), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M620213), Morning Light Project of Shanghai Education Development Foundation (11CGB18), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and the high-performance computing platform of Bioinformatics Center of Nanjing Agricultural University. We thank Dr. Yuehua Ma (Central laboratory of College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University) for assistance in using Ultra high-resolution confocal microscope LSM800.
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Supplementary file6Online Resource 6 Conserved motifs of PMEIs in Arabidopsis thaliana and seven Rosaceae species. Phylogenetic tree of these Rosaceae species was constructed by iqtree. Conserved motifs of PMEIs were analysed by the Multiple Expectation–maximization for Motif Elicitation tool version 5.0.5. Twenty motifs are identified and marked by different colours. Number of motifs, 20; minimum motif width, 6; maximum motif width, 50. The results were plotted by TBtools (PDF 345 kb)
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Supplementary file7Online Resource 7 Multiple sequence alignment of PbrPMEIs. α helices are represented by red tubes and β sheets are represented by green arrows (PDF 10984 kb)
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Supplementary file9Online Resource 9 Chromosomal distributions of PMEIs in Arabidopsis thaliana, Pyrus bretschneideri, Pyrus communis, and (Pyrus ussuriensis × communis) × spp. Distributions of PMEI genes were plotted by the MapGene2Chrom web v2. (a) Arabidopsis; (b) Chinese white pear; (c) Zhongai 1 pear; (d) European pear. Scale represents a 4-Mb chromosomal distance (PDF 677 kb)
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Supplementary file14Online Resource 14 Heat map of transcriptome data of PbrPMEIs in leaves under cold and dry stress. C0, after cold treatment for 0 h; C5, after cold treatment for 5 h; C12, after cold treatment for 12 h; C24, after cold treatment for 24 h. D0, after drought treatment for 0 h; D1, after drought treatment for 1 h; D3, after drought treatment for 3 h; D6, after drought treatment for 6 h; DH24, return to room temperature for 24 h (PDF 875 kb)
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Supplementary file15Online Resource 15 SDS-PAGE of PbrPMEI recombinant proteins and pCold-TF vector protein. PbrPMEI recombinant proteins and pCold-TF vector protein were detected by SDS-PAGE. 10 μL sample was added in each lane. Lane M: 250 kDa protein marker; Lane 1: pCold-TF-PbrPMEI23 that not induced by IPTG; Lane 2: supernatant of pCold-TF-PbrPMEI23 induced by IPTG; Lane 3: purified pCold-TF-PbrPMEI23 induced by IPTG; Lane 4: pCold-TF-PbrPMEI41 that not induced by IPTG; Lane 5: supernatant of pCold-TF-PbrPMEI41 induced by IPTG; Lane 6: purified pCold-TF-PbrPMEI41 induced by IPTG; Lane 7: pCold-TF vector protein that not induced by IPTG; Lane 8: supernatant of pCold-TF vector protein induced by IPTG; Lane 9: purified pCold-TF vector protein induced by IPTG; Lane 10: pCold-TF-PbrPMEI39 that not induced by IPTG; Lane 11: supernatant of pCold-TF-PbrPMEI39 induced by IPTG; Lane 12: purified pCold-TF-PbrPMEI39 induced by IPTG (PDF 2146 kb)
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Zhu, X., Tang, C., Li, Q. et al. Characterization of the pectin methylesterase inhibitor gene family in Rosaceae and role of PbrPMEI23/39/41 in methylesterified pectin distribution in pear pollen tube. Planta 253, 118 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-021-03638-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-021-03638-9